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2021 Am Gov
Basic terms must know for Final Exam
34
Civics
10th Grade
10/06/2021

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Cards

Term
Autocracy/Dictatorship
Definition
government in which a single person holds unlimited political power
Term
Democracy
Definition
A system of government by all eligible people, often through their representatives
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
First form of government; weak central government and states not working together led to need for Constitution
Term
U.S. Constitution
Definition
The document which establishes the basic principles of the American Government
Term
Federalism
Definition
Shared power between federal and state governments
Term
Separation of Powers
Definition
The system of dividing power and authority; in the United States, it is divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the Government.
Term
Limited Government
Definition
a constitutionally limited government, bound to specific principles and actions by a state or federal constitution
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
government based on consent of the people
Term
Checks and Balances
Definition
The powers that the three branches of government have to stop each other from doing what they please
Term
Judicial Review
Definition
The power of a court to judge the constitutionality of the laws of a government or the acts of a government official
Term
veto
Definition
action by the President refusing to approve a bill passed by Congress
Term
Impeachment
Definition
accusations against an elected government official of misconduct while in office, used as grounds for removal of that official from office
Term
Constitutional Right
Definition
Rights provided to you in the Constitution
Term
Amendment
Definition
an addition to a constitution (the United States Constitution or a state constitution)
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
First ten amendments; individual's rights
Term
First Amendment
Definition
Freedom of religion, press, speech, petition
Term
Second Amendment
Definition
Right to bear arms
Term
Fourth Amendment
Definition
Right from unlawful search and seizure
(must have search warrant)
Term
Fifth Amendment
Definition
Right against self-incrimination
(testifying against oneself)
Term
Legislative Branch
Definition
Makes laws
Made of Senate and House of Representatives
Term
House of Representatives
Definition
One of two houses of Congress
Has 435 members
2 yr terms
number of reps according to stae population
Term
Senate
Definition
One of two houses of Congress
Has 100 members
6 yr terms
Every state has 2 senators
Term
Bipartisan
Definition
supported by two parties
Term
Lobbying
Definition
activities by which group pressures are brought to bear on legislators, the legislative process, and all aspects of the public-policy-making process
Term
Bill
Definition
a measure introduced in either house of Congress: will possibly become a law
Term
Executive Branch
Definition
Enforces laws
Made of president, vice president, and many cabinets
Term
Budget
Definition
-the document sent to Congress by the President in January of each year estimating government revenue and expenditures for the next fiscal year
Term
Judicial Branch
Definition
Interprets laws
Made of Supreme Court, Appellate Courts, and District Courts
Term
Political Party
Definition
an organization of people who share the same views about the way power should be used in a country
Term
Suffrage
Definition
right to vote [aka: franchise]
Term
Election
Definition
the process of choosing government officials by vote of the citizens
Term
Campaign
Definition
working in an organized way toward a particular goal, typically a political or social one
Term
Ballot
Definition
a process of voting, in writing and typically in secret
Term
Gerrymandering
Definition
drawing electoral district lines to the advantage of a party of group
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