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| RNA polymerases I and III in eukaryotes |
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| Codons are read in the -- direction |
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Definition
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Term
| genetic code is -- only slight differences in -- it is --lapping has no-- or --. |
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Definition
Almost universal
Slight differences in mitochondria, chloroplasts and some "primitive" species
Nonoverlapping
No commas = no gaps |
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Term
Genetic code is unambiguous=
and degenerate= |
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Definition
Unambiguous = 1 codon codes for only 1 amino acid
Degenerate = redundant = most a.a.s have more than 1 codon |
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| The anticodon sequence of amino acyl-tRNA binds to |
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Definition
| its complementary codon in mRNA |
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| Alignment of the codon (in mRNA) with the anticodon (in tRNA) is |
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| Pairing relationship of codon and anticodon when inosine is in the tRNA anticodon |
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| Wobble -- number of codons in mRNA that can bind to an anticodon in one tRNA |
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Definition
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| wobble occurs at -- end of codon and -- end of anticodon |
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Definition
| at 3' end of the codon = 5' end of the anticodon |
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Term
wobble bp:
anticodons-
G
C
A
U
I |
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Definition
Codon could be:
U/C
G
U
A/G
A,U,C |
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Term
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Definition
| wobble allows for 1 tRNA to bind to more than 1 codon in mRNA because there are more codons than tRNAs |
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Term
| Which codons could the anticodon CGI bind to? |
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Definition
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Term
tRNA binds the "correct" amino acid at an A at the
Amino acid attached to a specific tRNA via |
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Definition
3' end
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
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Term
| 3' end of tRNAs always -- via -- |
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Definition
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| 1 tRNA binds only 1 a.a. at the |
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Definition
| 3'-OH of the ribose at the 3'-end |
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Term
| Despite proofreading by the synthetase, specificity for tRNA + a.a. not 100 % accurate; mistakes are made example: |
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Definition
| , Ile-tRNA synthetase incorporates Val ~1/3000 times |
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Term
| Special aminoacyl-tRNA for initiation in prokaryotes |
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Definition
THFA
anti codon 5' CAU
Formic acid |
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Term
| Reading frames determined by the |
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Definition
| the translation start codon (almost always AUG) |
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Term
| Translation is disrupted by |
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Definition
| any one of three codons (the stop codons): UAA, UAG, UGA |
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