Term
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Definition
| Vertex-The outside point at the bottom or top of a character where two strokes meet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tittle - A small distinguishing mark, such as on a lowercase i or j. (the dot) |
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Term
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Definition
| Tail - The descender on an upper-case Q. |
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Term
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Definition
Axis - An imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting thinnest parts of the strokes in a O.
Vertical Axis- found in formal typefaces
Diagonal Axis - found in more informal, friendlier typefaces |
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Term
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Definition
| Stem- the vertical stroke of a letterform. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spur - A small projection off a main stroke found on many capital Gs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spine - The main curved stroke of the S or s. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shoulder - A curved stroke projecting from a stem - h,m,n. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serif - A stroke added as a stop to the beginning and end of the main strokes of a character. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loop - The lower portion of a double-story (link and loop) g. |
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Term
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Definition
| Link- the connecting stroke between the upper bowl and the lower loop of a double-story (link and loop) g. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ligature - Two or more letters are joined together to form one glyph or character. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leg - A lower (horizontal or diagonal) stroke that is attached on one end and free on the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hook - the lower portion, descender, of a single story g. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eye - the counter of a lower case e. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ear - The small stroke that projects from the top of the lowercase g or r. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ear - The small stroke that projects from the top of the lowercase g or r. |
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Term
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Definition
| Descender - The part of a character (g, j, p, q, y for example) that descends below the baseline. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crotch - the interior area of a letterform where two diagonal strokes converge. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crossbar - The horizontal stroke connecting two sides of a letterform (as in e, A, and H) |
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Term
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Definition
| Cross stroke - A horizontal stroke that bisects the main stroke (as in f, t or T). |
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Term
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Definition
| Counter - The partially or fully enclosed space within a character. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bracket - A curved or wedge-like connection between the stem and serif of some fonts. Not all serifs are bracketed serifs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bowl - A curved stroke which creates a counter within a character. |
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Term
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Definition
| Beak - Decorative stroke at the end of the arm of a letter, similar to a serif (found on E, F, T) |
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Term
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Definition
| Barb - Decorative stroke at the end of a curved stroke as in G, S. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ball Terminal - a circular terminal |
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Term
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Definition
| Ascender - the part of a character that ascends above the median. |
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Term
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Definition
| Apex - A point at the top of a character where two strokes meet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Aperture - the opening of an open counter. |
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Term
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Definition
| A complete set of characters and glyphs of a single typeface |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of characters and glyphs that are designed to work together. |
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Term
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Definition
| Arm - An upper (horizontal or diagonal) stroke that is attached on one end and free on the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any single element that is part of a typeface. This includes letters, numbers, punctuation, ligatures, swashes, and dingbats, among others. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Any individual part of a letterform. Strokes can be horizontal, diagonal, vertical or curved or decorative. |
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Term
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Definition
| Baseline - the imaginary line on which the body of a letterform rests. |
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Term
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Definition
| Median, Meanline or Waistline - Imaginary line running along the top of non-ascending, lowercase letters. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cap-line - Imaginary line marking the height of uppercase letters within a typeface. |
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Term
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Definition
| X-height - The height of lowercase letters reach based on the height of lowercase x; does not include ascenders or descenders. The space between the baseline and the median. |
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Term
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Definition
| Overshoot - the portion of a curved stroke that extends over the baseline, the median or the capline. Overshoot is necessary in order to make round characters appear to be the correct height. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ampersand- a symbol for the word "and." |
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Term
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Definition
| Dingbat - a typographical device other than a letterform, numeral or punctuation mark. Symbols, marks, or images that are designed to work as a part of a system as a typeface. |
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Term
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Definition
| Swash -Exaggerated decorative serif, terminal or tail. |
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Term
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Definition
| Double story a / single story a |
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Term
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Definition
| Teardrop terminal - strokes end in a teardrop shape |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Characters that are upright, not italic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Angled (oblique), light-bodied, compact, and almost cursive characters. Not roman (upright). |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of similar Typefaces designed to be used together. The Helvetica family, includes roman and italic styles, varied weights (regular, semibold, and bold), and several widths (extended and compressed). |
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Term
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Definition
| Variations within a typeface family that relate to the form of the letter, like italic and roman. |
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Term
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Definition
| Variations within a typeface family that relate to a change in thickness of stroke. For example, Ultra Light, Light, Regular, Book, Bold, Black, Ultra Bold, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Variations within a typeface family that relate to the width of the character, for example, wide, extended, normal, condensed or compressed. |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between words. Should be equal to the space occupied by a lower case L. |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between a pair of letters. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spacing between letters in a block of text as a whole. |
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Term
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Definition
| The unit of measurement used to measure type. |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of points in an inch. |
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Term
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Definition
| A typeface that is decorative in nature. Used at larger sizes and in limited quantity. |
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Term
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Definition
| A typeface that is designed to be used at smaller sizes (below 14 point), for large amounts of running text. It is easy to read at small sizes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A typeface that was designed to emulate cursive handwriting. |
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Term
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Definition
| The curved, tapered end of a stroke, as in an "e" or "c" |
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Term
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Definition
| A system for organizing type that establishes an order of importance, allowing the reader to easily find what they are looking for and navigate the content. |
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Term
Ways to create
Typographic
Hierarchy |
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Definition
Size
Weight
Style
Color
Position
Contrast |
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Term
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Definition
| The horizontal spaces between lines of type |
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Term
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Definition
10 point type
12 points leading
2 points of actual space between lines of type |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which alignment of type is easiest to read, and why? |
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Definition
Flush left, Ragged Right
Because the eye is able to return to the same place and doesn't have to search for the beginning of a line. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Problems with Justified Type |
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Definition
Uneven word spacing
Too many Hyphens
Rivers of white space |
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Term
| Problems with Justified Type |
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Definition
Uneven word spacing
Too many Hyphens
Rivers of white space |
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Term
| What do you take into consideration when designing text type? |
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Definition
Readability - Can you read it?
Message - What do you need to communicate?
Audience - Who are you speaking to?
Form - What are you designing? (brochure, poster, business card, etc.)
Design - How does it function as part of the overall design? How will it balance other elements? What "color" should it be? How much space should it occupy? What "weight" should it have? |
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Term
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Definition
| The last line of a paragraph that appears at the top of a column. |
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Term
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Definition
| The last line of a paragraph is less than 1/3 the line length. |
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Term
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Definition
| When punctuation hangs slightly beyond the column width so the line does not appear to be shorter than the rest. |
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Term
| How many hyphens should you have in a paragraph? |
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Definition
Preferred- none
If you must - one
Absolutely never - two in a row |
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Term
| What are the benefits of working with a grid? |
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Definition
clarity
efficiency
continuity |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between the edge of the page and the content of the page |
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Term
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Definition
| Vertical alignments used to arrange elements in a grid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Horizontal alignments within a grid. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| placement indicators for consistent elements across pages. |
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