Term
what is the study of tissues
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Definition
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Term
name and describe the four main types of tissues
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Definition
-epithelial- they cover surfaces, lines cavities and form glands
-connective- support and structure
-muscle- smooth, cardiac, skeletal (contracts to cause movement)
-nervous- conducts nerve impulses |
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Term
arrangement of epithelial tissues
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Definition
-simple- 1 layer (ranch)
-stratified- 2 or more layers (condo)
fyi--pseudostratified- staggered 1 layer
-transitional- ability to stretch
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Term
| 3 structures of epithelial tissue |
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Definition
-squamous- flat and irregular
-cuboidal- cube shaped
-columnar- long and narrow |
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Term
| simple squamous epithelium |
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Definition
| very permeable and thin, forms permeable membranes |
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Term
stratified squamous epithelium
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Definition
multiple layers.
wear and tear, protection |
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Term
| cuboidal epithelium cells |
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Definition
| typically line excretory ducts such as in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| absorb materials into the cell, process the materials, and then send it into the blood stream (digestive tract) |
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Term
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Definition
an organ specialized to produce a secretion using materials removed from the blood stream
2 types:
exocrine glands
endocrine glands |
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Term
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Definition
use tube or duct and secrete locally
-made up of epithelial tissue
ex. sebaceous glands, sweat glands, digestive part of pancreas |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete into blood stream, carried through body and affects tissues all over body |
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Term
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Definition
| the supporting fabric everywhere in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| nonliving material (water, minerals, fibers) b/w connective tissue cells |
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Term
| 4 types of connective tissue |
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Definition
-liquid- blood and lymph
-soft- adipose and areolar
-figrous- ligaments/tendons, fascia
-hard- cartilage and bone |
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Term
| 2 types of soft connective tissue |
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Definition
areolar- loose, jellylike material around organs, cells, everything. protective cushioning
-adipose- cells that store fat. provide cushioning, protection,insulation |
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Term
| explain fibrous connective tissue |
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Definition
-tough, flexible tissue containing the protein colegen
-some contain elastin which gives the tissue an elastic quality (lungs, vocal cords and large arteries) |
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Term
| 2 types of hard connective tissue |
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Definition
cartilage- rigid but very flexible, no blood or nerve supply
-bone- hardest, most dense, rigid yet inflexible |
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Term
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Definition
-hyaline- over the ends of the long bones
-fibrocartilage- b/w segments of the spine, pubic bone, knee (strongest in body)
-elastic cartilage- ear, larynx
---produced by condrosites |
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Term
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Definition
| thin pliable sheet of tissue around an organ or structure |
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Term
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Definition
epithelial membranes- outer surface (icing on cake)
connective tissue membranes- inner surface (the cake) |
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Term
3 types of epithelial membranes
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Definition
serous- cover and line body cavities and organs
-mucous- line entrances and exits to all openings
-cutaneous- skin |
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Term
| 3 types of serous epithelial membranes |
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Definition
-pleura- lines thoracic cavity and lungs
-serous pericardium- the one around the heart
-peritoneum- lines the abdominal cavity and organs (also supports many blood vessels and organs of the abdomen. gives a kind of loose structure) |
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Term
what are serous epithelial membranes made of and what is their purpose?
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Definition
-mesothelium-
-allow organs to move with minimal friction
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Term
explain mucous epithelial membranes
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Definition
-secrete mucus (thick sticky substance)
-lines hollow systems connected to the outside world (respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive)
-some of these cells have cilia in the respiratory and reproductive tracts
-in the digestive tract, these cells protect the stomach and absorb nutrients |
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Term
name the 6 connective tissue membranes
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Definition
-synovial-lines joint cavaties
-meninges- line brain and spinal cord
-fascia- sheets of tissue, supportive in nature (superficial- right under skin, deep- surrounds muscles)
-fibrous pericardium- CT sac surrounding the heart
-periosteum- surrounds the bones
-perichondrium- surrounds cartilage
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