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A&P ch 1 for ashley me and kaetlin
anatomy study cards for ch 1
42
Biology
Graduate
01/12/2010

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Term
Experiment
Definition
serious of tests of a hypothesis; a controlled experiment eliminates biases or outside influences
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
idea or principle to be tested
Term
theory
Definition
a hypothesis that has been proved by experiments to have a high degree of confidence
Term
Law
Definition
a theory that has an unusually high level of confidence
Term
Anatomy
Definition
Is the science of the structures of an organism and the relations of its parts
Term
Gross Anatomy
Definition
study of the body and its parts that relies only on what the eye can see as a tool for observation
Term
Microscopic Anatomy
Definition
study of body parts with a microscope
Term
Cytology
Definition
study of cells
Term
Histology
Definition
study of tissues
Term
Developmental Anatomy
Definition
study of human growth and development
Term
Pathological anatomy
Definition
study of diseased body structures
Term
Systemic Anatomy
Definition
study of the body by systems
Term
Physiology
Definition
science of the functions of organisms
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
of the entity is made of one or more cells, it is alive
Term
autopoiesis
Definition
living organisms are self-organized and self-maintaining
Term
levels of organization
Definition
chemical
Term
Four Major Tissue Types
Definition
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
Body erect with arms at sides and palms forward, head and feet pointing forward
Term
Bilateral Symmetry
Definition
a term meaning that right and left sides of the body are mirror images
Term
Ipsilateral Structures
Definition
are on the same side of the body in the anatomical position
Term
Contralateral structures
Definition
opposite sides of the body in anatomical position
Term
Ventral Cavity is subdivided into....
Definition
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity
Term
Thoracic Cavity is subdivided into..
Definition
right and left pleural cavities
mediastinum
Term
Abdominopelvic cavity is subdivided into
Definition
abdominal and pelvic cavity
Term
Dorsal Body Cavity subdivided into..
Definition
cranial cavity and spinal cavity
Term
axial subdivision
Definition
torso, neck and head
Term
appendicular
Definition
arms and legs
Term
Abdominal Regions
Definition
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region
Term
Abdominalpelvic quadrants
Definition
right upper quadrant, left lower quadrant, right lower quadrant and left upper quadrant
Term
Sagittal plane
Definition
Divided the body into right and left sides
Term
Frontal
Definition
divide the body into anterior and posterior portions
Term
Transverse
Definition
Divides the body into upper and lower parts
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
the relatively constant states maintained by the body; internal environment around body cells remains constant
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Regulates body temperature
Term
Homeostatic control mechanisms
Definition
sensor mechanism, control mechanism, effector mechanism and feedback mechanism
Term
Negative feedback mechanism
Definition
-inhibitory
-stabilizes physiological variables
-produces an action opposite to the change that activated the system
-much more common than positive feedback control system
-most of the body systems use this type of mechanism
Term
Positive feedback control systems
Definition
-stimulatory
-amplify or reinforce the change that is occurring
-tend to produce destabilizing effects and disrupt homeostasis
-bring specific body functions to swift completion
Term
Levels of Control
Definition
-Intracellular control
-Intrinsic Control
-Extrinsic Control
Term
Intracellular control
Definition
regulation within cells by either genes or enzymes
Term
intrinsic control
Definition
control within tissues or organs, involves chemical signals
Term
Extrensic Control
Definition
regulation from organ to organ
Term
Atrophy
Definition
term to describe the wasting effects of advancing age.
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