Term
| Q: The liver consists of hepatocytes interspersed with reticuloendothelial cells, also known as _____ organized into lobules. |
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Definition
A: Kupffer cells
Each lobule measures approx. 1mmX2mm. Within the lobule, the hepatocytes are arranged radially in cords about a central hepatic venule. |
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Term
Q: The portal vein supplies ______ of the total volume of blood going into the liver.
a. 60-65%
b. 70-75%
c. 80-85%
d. 90-95% |
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Definition
A: b. 70-75%
The portal vein also contributes up to half of the oxygen requirements to the liver cells. The portal blood flows in a hepatopetal direction. |
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Term
Q: The renal sinus contains all of the following EXCEPT:
a. arteries and veins
b. fibrous tissues
c. major calyces
d. parapelvic fat |
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Definition
A: d. parapelvic fat
The renal sinus is the central portion of the kidney and it contains arteries, veins, lymphatics, peripelvic fat, fibrous tissues, the collecting system (major and minor calyces), and part of the renal pelvis. |
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Term
| Q: T/F: The most common form of a renal anomaly is a Sigmoid (S-shaped) kidney. |
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Definition
A: F. The most common form of a renal anomaly is a Horseshoe kidney.
A Horseshoe kidney is the fusion of kidneys usually at the lower poles, but can be fused at the mid or superior pole. These kidneys have an isthmus of tissue connecting the kidneys anterior to the spine and the prevertebral vessels. A Sigmoid kidney is however a variant of a horseshoe kidney. |
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Term
| Q: T/F: In the biliary system bile flows if the intraductal pressure is less than the hepatic secretory pressure. |
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Definition
A: T.
The pressure differences are affected by the gallbladder filling and any bile that was reabsorbed in the gallbladder, activity of the Sphincter of Oddi, and bile flow from the liver. |
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Term
Q: Structure(s) that may mimic the pancreatic duct:
a. posterior wall of the stomach
b. splenic artery
c. splenic vein
d. retroperitoneal fat
e. all of the above |
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Definition
A: e. all of the above
The duct of Wirsung (main pancreatic duct) courses from the pancreatic tail tot he pancreatic head. It is often seen by ultrasound in the body of the pancreas. |
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Term
| Q: T/F: When a patient is fasting, the SMA has a low resistant flow and after a patient eats the SMA becomes a high resistant vessel. |
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Definition
A: F. A patient that is fasting will have a SMA that is high resistive and after eating the patient will have a SMA that becomes low resistant.
The increased blood flow in the SMA after eating aids in the digestion of food. |
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Term
Q: The abdominal aorta bifurcates at the level of the ___vertebra, and the IVC origin is at the junction of the right & left common iliac veins at the level of the ___vertebra.
a. 3rd lumbar; 4th lumbar
b. 4th lumbar; 3rd lumbar
c. 4th lumbar; 5th lumbar
d. 5th lumbar; 4th lumbar |
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Definition
A: c. 4th lumbar; 5th lumbar
The IVC is longer in length than the abdominal aorta in the abdomen. The IVC also courses more anteriorly relative to the aorta as it approaches the right atrium. |
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Term
Q: Which of the following statements about Epididymitis is false:
a. may cause infertility
b. most common cause of acute scrotal pain
c. usually caused by a lower urinary tract infection
d. most common cause of chronic scrotal pain |
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Definition
A: d. most common cause of chronic scrotal pain
Epididymitis is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain. The pain usually will increase over a 1-2day period. It may cause one to have a fever, dysuria, and urethral discharge |
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Term
Q: ______is a congenital anomaly that may be found in the midline of the neck.
a. Brachial Cleft Cyst
b. Cystic Hygroma
c. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
d. none of the above |
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Definition
A: c. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
The thyroglossal duct cyst is found midline of the neck and anterior to the trachea. It may be found in any age group and have fusiform swelling.
A brachial cleft cyst is seen lateral in the neck near the carotid vessels.
A cystic hygroma is a congenital lymphatic malformation often found posterior to the neck. |
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