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ABO Study Question
Abo study flashcards
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09/26/2011

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Term

 

When light enters the eye, what ocular structure does it interact with first?

Definition
Cornia
Term

 

Approximately how much power can be generated by the eye’s optical system?

Definition
60 Diopters 
Term

An eye that focuses light rays in front of the retina instead of the retina is called

Definition
Myopic
Term

 +2.25D is an example of what type of prescription?

Definition
Hyperopic (myopia is - )
Term
A convex lens will correct which type of refractive condition?
Definition
Hyperopia
Term
An eye that focuses light rays in more than one spot on the retina has....
Definition
Astgmatism
Term
-3.50 -1.00 x 189 is an example of what type of astigmatism?
Definition
Compound mypoic
Term
+0.50 -1.00 x 180 is an example of what type of astigmatism?
Definition
Mixed
Term
+2.50 -1.00 x 180 is an example of what type of astigmatism?
Definition
Compound hyperopic
Term

One meter is closest to which of of the following measurements?

1 inch

1 foot

1 cm

1 yard

Definition
1 yard
Term
1 meter equals how many cm and mm?
Definition

100 cm

1000 mm

Term
Wave lengths are measured in?
Definition
nanometers 
Term
Wavelengths seen by the human eye are between how many nanometers?
Definition

380-750 nm

Term
Which color on the visible spectrum most contributes to blurry vision?
Definition
Blue
Term
The angle at which incoming light rays strike a surface is called the...
Definition
Angle of incidence
Term
The angle at which light rays leaves a reflecting surface is called the....
Definition
Angle of reflection
Term
When light rays enter a glass with parallel sides at a perpendicular angle it will...
Definition
Slow down the light rays, but not change the angle 
Term
The formula used to calculate the angle of refraction is
Definition
Snells law
Term

Which of the following refers to the right eye?

Left eye

OS

OD

OU

Definition

Right - OD

Left - OS

Both - OU

Term

The following Rx represents what type of correction?

Rx -3.00 Sphere

Definition
Mypoic or nearsighted 
Term

'Plano' means:

 

Definition
no correction needed
Term

What is the next dioptric step in the following list?

0.00d, 0.12d. 0.25d, 0.37d, 0.50d

Definition

0.62d

(12/13/12/13)

Term
Axis readings may be between:
Definition
0-180
Term
If the Rx has the notation 'PAL' it means?
Definition
the patient is presbyopic 
Term
The common Trifocal power is:
Definition
50% of the add power
Term
If the front curve of a lens is +5.00 and the back curve is -3.00 the power of the lens is
Definition
+2.00d
Term
If the front curve of a lens is +4.00d and the back curve is -5.00d, the power of the lens is
Definition
-1.00d
Term

Transpose the following Rx:

-2.50 +1.25 x 90

Definition
-1.25 -1.25 x 180
Term
in what direction is light directed when it passes through a prism?
Definition
Toward the base
Term
What instrument measures the vertex distance?
Definition
Distometer
Term
What influences how much an image is displaced when looking through a prism?
Definition

Strength of the prism

How far the prism is being held from the object being viewed

Term
What is the power of a prism that didsplaces light 1 cm at a distance of 1 meter?
Definition
1.00d
Term
What is the power of a prism that displaces light 1 cm at a distance of 0.25 meters?
Definition
4.00d
Term
What is the focal length of a +4.00d lens?
Definition
0.25 real
Term
What is the power of a lens with a virtual 4m focal length?
Definition
-0.25d
Term
High plus lenses create a peripheral distortion that causes objects to appear in what shape?
Definition
Pincushion 
Term

Which of the following is not a type of abberation that is created with an incorrect base curve choice?

Marginal

spherical

distortion

circular

Definition
Circular
Term

Which abberation type is created when light rays hit a spherical surface at an angle, leading to the creation of the corrected curve lens series?

Marginal

Spherical

Distortion

Circular

Definition
Marginal
Term
'Barrel' distortion is created by which lens type?
Definition
High minus powers
Term
the Corrected Curve Theory is based on correcting errors when the patient looks how far away from the optical center?
Definition
30 degrees
Term
Generally speaking, base curves for minus power lenses will fall into what range?
Definition
Plano to 4.00d
Term
Generally speaking, base curves for plus power lenses will fall into what range?
Definition
6.00 - 10.00d
Term
According to ANSI standards, when requesting a base curve, it must be within what parameters in order to meet the requirements?
Definition
+/- 0.75d
Term
If the front curve is +3.00d and the back curve is -4.00d what is the total power of the lens?
Definition
-1.00d
Term

'Pincushion' distortion of created by what lens type?

 

Definition
High plus power
Term
The point through which light rays pass without being refracted is called the....
Definition
Optical Center
Term

When the optical centers of a plus lens are wider than the patient's PD, which type of prism is induced?

Base down

Base in 

Base up

Base out

Definition
Base Out
Term

When the optical centers of a minus lens are wider than the patient's PD, what type of prism is induced?

(base in/out/up/down)

Definition
Base in
Term

When the optical centers of a minus lens are narrower than the patient's PD, which type of prism is induced? 

(Base in/out/up/down)

Definition
Base out
Term

When the optical center of a plus lens are narrower than the patient's PD, what type of prism is induced?

(Base in/out/up/down)

Definition
Base in
Term

Calculate the total amount of prism induced in the following patients situation:

PD: 60mm

Optical Centers: 64mm

Lens Power: - 2.25d OU

Definition
1.00d BI
Term

Calculate the total amount of prism induced in the following patients situation:

PD: 66mm

Optical Centers: 58mm

Lens Power: 22.50 OU

Definition
2.00d BO
Term

Calculate the total amount of prism induced in the following patient situation:

PD: OD 29mm

Optical Centers: OD 31mm

Lens Power: OD +3.00d

 

Definition
0.60d BO
Term
Which situations result in a canceling of the induced prism?
Definition

Base in and base out

base up and base up

base down and base down

Term
Which situations results in a compounding of the induced prism?
Definition

base in and base in

base out and base out

base down and base up

Term

Which of the following is a characteristic of a plus lens?

Minify objects

Virtual focal length

'Against' motion movement

'With' motion movement

Definition
"Against" motion movement
Term

Which of the following is a characteristic of a minus lens?

Effective power becomes stronger as the lens is moved closer to the eye

Effective power becomes weaker as the lens is moved closer to the eye

'Against' motion movement

Lenses have a real focal length

Definition
Effective power becomes stronger as the lens is moved closer to the eye
Term

Which of the following will usually not require a change in the base curve between a patients previous and new eyewear?

Change to aspheric design

Significant Rx change

Lens tint

Change in lens material

Definition
Lens Tint
Term

In the following Rx, what are the two values on the optical Cross?

Rx -3.00 -1.50 x 180

Definition
-3.00 @ 180 and -4.50 @ 90
Term

In the following Rx, what are the two values on the optical cross?

Rx: -1.00 -2.50 x 180

Definition
-1.00 @ 180 and -3.50 @ 90
Term

In the following Rx, what are the two values on the optical cross?

Rx: +2.00 -1.00 x 180

Definition
+2.00 @ 180 and +1.00 @ 90
Term

In the following Rx, what are the two values on the optical cross?

Rx: -2.50 + 1.00 x 90

Definition
-2.50 @ 90 and -1.50 @ 180
Term

Calculate the amount of prism induced in the following patient situation:

PD 58mm

Optical Center 62mm

Lens power: -1.50 -1.50 x 180 OU

Definition
60d BI
Term

Calculate the amount of prism induced in the following patient situation:

PD: OD 30mm

Optical Center: OD 28mm

Lens Power: OD -1.00 -2.50 x 90

 

Definition
0.70d BO
Term

Calculate the amount of prism induced in the following patient situation:

PD: 30mm OU

Optical Center: 28mm OU

Lens Power: OD +2.00 +0.50 x 180

OS + 1.50 +1.00 x 45

Definition
0.80 BI
Term
The well placed optical center should be approximately how far below the pupil vertically?
Definition
5-6 mm
Term

If a presbyopic patient has significant difference in power between his two eyes, which of the following are not required to balance the images when reading through the bifocals:

Bicentric Grinding, Image dispersion, Additional prism, Slab off

Definition
Image dispersion
Term

Calculate the amount of prism induced in the following patient situation:

Lens Power -2.00 -0.50 x 180

Patient reads 5 mm below optical center

Definition
1.25 OU
Term

Which of the following is a true statement regarding plus spherical lenses?

         They are thicker in the center, converge light and minify objects

         They are thicker in the center, diverge light and minify objects

         They are thinner in the center, converge light and minify objects

         They are thicker in the center, converge light and magnify objects

Definition
They are thicker in the center, converge light and magnify objects
Term

Which of the following is a true statement regarding minus spherical lenses?

         They are thinner in the center, diverge light and magnify objects

         They are thinner in the center, diverge light and minify objects

         They are thinner in the center, converge light and magnify objects

         They are thicker in the center, converge light and minify objects

Definition
They are thinner in the center, diverge light and minify objects
Term

If a high minus lens needs to be decentered in the frame, it will most likely result in:

Thin edge temporally

More thickness nasally

More thickness temporally

A thin edge superiorly

Definition
more thickness temporally
Term

If a high plus lens needs to be decentered in the frame it will most likely result in:

More thickness temporally

More thickness nasally

A Thick edge inferiorly

A thick edge superiorly

 

Definition
More thickness nasally
Term

Which of the following is not an advantage of aspheric lenses vs spherical lenses

Improved appearance of higher lens power

Reduced lens thickness & weight

Improved optics in higher powers

Decreased peripherial distortion

Definition
Decreased peripheral distortion
Term

Which of the following is not a common name used to describe a flat top bifocal?

Straight Top

Kryptok

D segment

Half moon

Definition
Kryptok (circle bifocal)
Term
Bifocal segments are recommended to be fit:
Definition
At the lower lid margin
Term
Trifocal segments are recommended to be fit:
Definition
At the lower pupil margin
Term
PALs are recommended to be fit:
Definition
Bisecting the pupil
Term
Computer glasses have segments for:
Definition
Intermediate and near vision
Term
The material characteristic that describes it's ability to bend light is called:
Definition
Refractive Index
Term
The material characteristic that describes its density is called:
Definition
Specific Gravity
Term
The material characteristic that describes its chromatic abberation is called:
Definition
ABBE value
Term
The material characteristic that describes how much light can pass through it is called:
Definition
Transmittance
Term

Which of the following is the most impact resistant material listed?

Glass/CR-39/Polycarbonate/Plastic

Definition
Polycarbonate
Term

Which of the following materials is least impack resistant material listed?

Glass/CR-39/Polycarbonate/Plastic

Definition
Glass
Term
When a material has a high index of refraction it:
Definition
Shows it has a greater ability to bend light
Term
When a material has a high specific gravity, it means it:
Definition
v
Term
When a material has a low ABBE value, it means that it:
Definition
Has more chromatic abberation
Term
Children, patients with good vision in one eye only, active in sports and who's job may pose a danger to the eyes should consider what material?
Definition
Polycarbonate
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