Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
H2CO3/HCO3-
H2PO4/HPO4-
NH4+/NH3
H6C3O2/H5C3O2- |
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Definition
| What are some common acid-base pairs? |
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Term
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Definition
| What derangements of pH are not compatible with life? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the normal range of pH in the body? |
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Term
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Definition
-Help to maintain acid-base homeostasis
-Pairs of weak acids and bases that donate or accept H+ as needed
-Must remain in equilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
-Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
-Hemoglobin
-Plasma proteins
-Phosphates |
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Term
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Definition
| Where does the Carbonic Acid/Bicarb buffer act? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where does the Hemoglobin buffer act? |
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Term
| Intracellular and Extracellular fluids |
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Definition
| Where do the plasma proteins act as a buffer? |
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Term
| Intracellular and Extracellular fluids |
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Definition
| Where do phosphates act as a buffer? |
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Term
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Definition
| What regulates the amount of bicarb in the body? |
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Term
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Definition
| What regulates the amount of carbonic acid in the body? |
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Term
| pH=pKa + log ([base]/[acid]) |
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Definition
| What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation? |
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Term
CO2
It is produced due to dietary carbohydrates, proteins, and fat catabolism as well as tissue metabolism |
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Definition
| What is the main source of acid in the body, and why is it produced? |
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Term
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Definition
| How is Alkali substances in the body produced? |
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Term
-Extracellular buffering
-Respiratory Tract
-Kidneys |
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Definition
How is acid-base balance maintained in the body?
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Term
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Definition
| Rapidly responds to a large change in H+ concentration, but cannot effectively maintain homeostasis alone |
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Term
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Definition
-Responds in minutes
-chemoreceptors in the brainstem respond to changes in pCO2 and pH
Eg. Δ breathing --> Δ CO2 leaving the body --> Δ pH |
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Term
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Definition
-Occurs over several days
-Alters:
Proximal tube HCO3- reabsorption
Renal ammoniagenesis
Distal tubular H+ excretion
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Term
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Definition
| The rule that for each ammonia that is excreted, one bicarb is returned to circulation |
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Term
| Steps in accessing a patient's acid-base status |
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Definition
1.) collect pertinent labs
2.) Answer the following questions:
a.) Acidemia or Alkalemia?
b.) Primary abnormality: respiratory or metabolic?
c.) Is the compensation?
d.) Is compensation appropriate?
e.) Is there an anion gap?
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