Term
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Definition
| pressure exerted against the cell wall in plant cells when they gain water |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling of animal cells when placed in a hypotonic solution |
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Term
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Definition
| shrinking of the cell when placed in a hypertonic solution |
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Term
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Definition
| passive diffusion of water |
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Term
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Definition
| The concentration of solute outside the cell is higher, causing water to flow outward |
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Term
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Definition
| the concentration of solute inside the cell is higher, causing water to flow inward |
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Term
| What happened to the chloroplasts when the elodea was placed in a hypertonic solution? |
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Definition
| They went with the membrane and clustered together. |
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Term
| How do euglena and other protists keep themselves from exploding with too much water? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diffusion is the movement of molecules from _______ to ______ concentration |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of solute is the same inside and outside the cell, causing no net movement of molecules |
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Term
| define concentration gradient |
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Definition
| the difference between the concentration of molecules on two sides of the membrane |
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Term
| What is facilitated diffusion used to transport? |
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Definition
| molecules that are not soluble in lipids |
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Term
| How do Na+ ions enter the cell? |
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Definition
| diffusing through Na+ ion channels |
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Term
| How do carrier proteins transport substances across cell membranes? |
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Definition
| They bind to the molecule and release it on the other side of the membrane. |
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Term
| What types of stimuli cause the gates on the ion channels to open and close? |
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Definition
| stretching of the membrane, electrical signals, or chemicals inside and outside of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to a higher concentration; requires energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which cells ingest solids (cellular eating) |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which cells ingest liquid (cellular drinking) |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which molecules are egested or secreted outside the cell |
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Term
| What type of pump is needed for nerve impulses to contract muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What life functions use active transport? |
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Definition
| excretion, egestion, secretion, ingestion |
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Term
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Definition
| a protein channel that allows water to get through hydrophobic interior of lipid bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
| a special molecule that aids a substance across a membrane during facilitated diffusion |
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Term
| The sodium-potassium pump transports Na+ ________ the cell and K+ ________ the cell. |
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Definition
| Na+ out of the cell, and K+ into the cell |
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