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Addiction
Substance Abuse -- 3.26.07
26
Other
Not Applicable
03/27/2007

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Cards

Term
What drugs cause most death?
Definition
tobacco, alcohol
Term
When does addiction behavior become a chronic disease?
Definition
after a person is hooked, adidiction becomes a chronic disease with relapses and remissions just as other chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, or asthma
Term
Which drug as highest risk of dependency
Definition
tobacco
Term
with what drugs show increased in dopamine in NA?
Definition
nicotine, alcohol, opiates, cocaine
Term
with more morphine (higher doses), more dopamine in NA?
Definition
yes
Term
What is the brain dopamine system?
Definition
VTA/SN --> NA--> prefrontal cortex or cingulate gyrus
Term
what is cocaine's mechanism?
Definition
cocain blocks the dopamine receptor--so that when dopa is released, it cannot be reuptaked
Term
what is major variable influencing progression to addiction with the agent (drug)?
Definition
the availability
Term
What are inherited factors for initial drug exposure?
Definition
dose-plasma levels (absorption and disposition), flushing response, perception of pleasant effect, rapidity of tolerance development
Term
what is tolerance?
Definition
a reduction in drug effect with repeated admin
Term
what is cross tolerance?
Definition
refers to the common tolerance seen within drug classes so that tolerance to one implies tolerance to another
Term
what are the affects of acquired tolerance?
Definition
pharmakinetics, pharmadynamics, behavioral tolerance, conditioned tolerance
Term
What is cross tolerance used for?
Definition
useful in choosing detox
Term
what do you use for heroin?
Definition
methadone
Term
what med do you use for EtOH detox?
Definition
Oxasepam
Term
Is a withdrawl syndrome a sign of addiction?
Definition
Not nec
Term
Is tolerance/withdrawl nec or sufficient for addition?
Definition
no
Term
what is sensitization?
Definition
reverse of tolerance (with stimulants--increased effects with repeated, spaced dosing)
Term
what is compulsion?
Definition
an irresistible impulse to act, regardless of rationality of teh motivation
Term
are pure addicts common?
Definition
no
Term
what is the most rapid method for drug admin?
Definition
inhalation
Term
How long can physical changes take to get back "to normal"?
Definition
up to 30 weeks
Term
why a conditioned reponse--on a cellular level?
Definition
changes in gene transcription
Term
What is a learned response?
Definition
response in absence of a dose of drug--brain activation--cued, induce cocain craving
Term
which brain structures are affected by cocaine?
Definition
limbic structures like Cingulate gyrus and amygdula
Term
What is the current "rewards system hypothesis?"
Definition
Drugs of abuse tend to give strongest activation to reWARDS CENTER, so repeated use will have strongest activation of rewards center--hijakc system developed for reinforcement of normal rewards has been overtaken
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