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Admin Justice Midterm
Jules' test
42
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 2
03/13/2011

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the four models which are used to analyze the Criminal Justice System?
Definition
Consensus Model
Conflict Model
Due Process
Crime Control
Term
Consensus model
Definition
Perspective that assumes that the stytem’s components work together harmoniously to achieve the social product we call justice.
Term
Conflict model
Definition
Perspective that assumes that the system’s components function primarily to serve their own interests. Justice is a product of conflicts among agencies rather than cooperation.
Term
Due Process
Definition
Perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all stages of justice system processing.
Term
Crime control
Definition
Perspective that emphasizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders.
Term
Overview of Criminal Justice Process
Definition
1. Investigation
2. Arrest
3. Booking
4. Initial Appearance
5. Grand Jury Indictment/Information
6. Preliminary Hearing
7. Arraignment
8. Pre-Trial Motions
9. Jury Selection
10. Trial (Sequence)
11. Post Trial Motions
12. Sentencing
13. Post Conviction Relief
14. Incarceration
15. Appeals
16. Plea Bargaining
Term
What are the standards of proof?
Definition
Reasonable suspicion
Probable cause
Proof beyond reasonable doubt
Term
What can you do with RS?
Definition
Dispel Suspicious
Activity
Stop
Detain
Frisk
Term
What can you do with PC?
Definition
Arrest
Search
Seize
Charge
Use Deadly Force
Term
What can you do with PBRD?
Definition
Convict
Term
What is precedent?
Definition
A legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases.
Term
What is criminology?
Definition
Scientific study of
Causes
Rates
Punishment and rehabilitation
Prevention of crime
Term
What is the Bill of Rights?
Definition
Name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution
A series of limitations on the power of the United States federal government
Protects the natural rights of liberty and property
Term
What major components constitute the criminal justice system?
Definition
Police
Courts
Corrections
Term
What is the Rule of Law?
Definition
The maxim that an orderly society must be governed by established principles and known codes that are applied uniformly and fairly to all of its members.
Term
What is the PC Crime equation
Definition
Actus Rea - Mens Rea - Concurrence - Causation - Harm in violation of a Criminal law

Without defense or justification
Term
What are defenses?
Definition
Self-defense (justification)
Insanity (excuse)
Entrapment (procedural)
Term
What is the difference between intent and motive.
Definition
Intent merely proves that someone meant to do something.
Motive was their reason.
Term
When do you have to prove motive?
Definition
Hate crimes
Term
What is a felony?
Definition
Punishable by death or incarceration for at least one year. Include rape, aggravated assault, robbery, buglery and arson.
Term
What is a misdemeanor?
Definition
Punishable by incarceration typically less than one year. Include petty theft, simple assault, breaking and entering, disorderly in public, disturbing the peace etc.
Term
What is an inchoate crime?
Definition
An offense not yet completed. Consists of actions taken towards an offense.
Term
Who does the 4th Amendment protect?
Definition
U.S. Citizens (USC) inside/outside U.S. Non USCs in the U.S. (to large extent)
Term
Whose actions are restricted by the 4th Amendment?
Definition
Restricts State/Government Action
Anyone acting on behalf of the Government
Term
When does the 4th Am's restrictions become applicable? What is REP?
Definition
Protects People not places
Two part test
Subjective - individual
Objective – Society
Term
What is the 4th Am's. general rule?
Definition
IF REP and State Action

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures
Term
What really is probable cause? - as opposed to RS and PBRD?
Definition
Facts
And Reasonable Inferences therefrom
Term
What are the exceptions to the exclusionary rule?
Definition
Impeachment
Good Faith
Inevitable Discovery
Non constitutional violations (Knock and Announce)
Public Safety Exception
Un-Mirandized voluntary statement leading to evidence recovery
Term
What is one exception to the 4th Am's. general rule?
Definition
Fourth Waiver:
No REP
Not a 4th Amendment search
No warrant
No PC
Term
Difference between police and sheriff
Definition
Police appointed
Sheriff elected
Term
Indictment vs. Information
Definition
Indictment: Formal written accusation submitted to cour by grand jury, saying that the person has committed a offense, usually felony.

Information: Formal written accusation submitted to court by prosecutor, saying that a person has committed an offense.
Term
What is the exclusionary rule for?
Definition
To deter police misconduct.
Term
UCR v. NCVS
Definition
Uniform Crime Reports: Statistical reporting program run by the FBI

NCVS: National Crime Victimization Survey

UCR documents crime reported to police, NCVS documents crimes reported by victims through surveying households

They have different crimes and definitions for crimes
Term
Part 1 UCR
Definition
Violent Personal and Property Crimes
Term
Three systems of policing
Definition
Watchman (concern for order maintenance)
Legalistic
Service
Term
What is jurisdiction?
Definition
Authority (local, state, federal)
Geographical
Investigative
that a court or justice agency has power over.
Term
What factors have affected the CJS in the last 40 years?
Definition
Diversity in the Criminal Justice system
Computers/Internet/Technology
Terrorism
Civil Liberties
Patriot Act
Term
What is Actus Reus?
Definition
Act or Omission related to the behavior or harm criminalized in the statute
Term
What is Mens Rea?
Definition
Criminal intent
“guilty mind”
to act
Intentionally
Knowingly
Recklessly
Criminally Negligent
Term
What is concurrence?
Definition
The coexistence of
1.) Act in violation of the law, and
2.) A culpable mental state
Term
What is causation?
Definition
“But For”……..(the action), the harm in violation of the statute would not have occurred

Reasonably foreseeable
Term
What is the insanity defense?
Definition
A legal defense based on claims of mental illness or incapacity.
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