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AHSGE Science
V-1 Distinguish cell structures and functions
30
Other
Not Applicable
09/28/2007

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Term
a cell without a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
Definition
prokariotic cell
Term
cell which contains a true membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Definition
eukaryotic cell
Term
form of active transport where a vesicle or vacuole fuses with the plasma membrane to move substances out of the cell
Definition
exocytosis
Term
describes a solution with equal solute concentration on either side of a selectively permeable membrane
Definition
isotonic
Term
describes a solution with a higher concentration of solute molecules on the outside of the selectively permeable membrane than on the inside of the membrane
Definition
hypertonic
Term
describes a solution with a lower concentration of solute molecules on the outside of the selectively permeable membrane than on the inside of the membrane
Definition
hypotonic
Term
movement of water through a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration
Definition
osmosis
Term
form of active transport where matter outside the cell is currounded and taken in to the cell in a vesicle or vacuole
Definition
endocytosis
Term
movement of a particle through a membrane from an area of low concetration to an area of high concentration with the use of energy from ATP
Definition
active transport
Term
movement of a substance through a cell membrane without the expenditure of cellular energy
Definition
passive transport
Term
random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Definition
diffusion
Term
the outer layer of skin in vertebrates
Definition
epidermis
Term
smallest living unit that can perform all of life's processes
Definition
cell
Term
miniature structures within plant or animal cells that have particular functions
Definition
organelles
Term
nucleus, mitochondria, and plastids are all examples of what?
Definition
organelles
Term
the cell organelle that houses the DNA of a eukaryotic cell
Definition
nucleus
Term
a vesicle or membrane-bound sac that functions as digestion, storage, and elimination of wastes within the cell
Definition
vacuole
Term
hollow protein fibers in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell involved in cell division and maintaining cell structure
Definition
microtubules
Term
organelle of a eukaryotic cell that contains enzymmes that destroy waste and foreign particles and digest food withiin the cell
Definition
lysosome
Term
in animal cells, rod-shaped organelles that help move chromosomes and cell parts during cell division
Definition
centrioles
Term
cellular organelle found just outside the cell nucleus
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
Term
it is the site of protein synthesis, and it is involved in the transport of proteins and lipids within the cell
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
Term
cell organelle of a eukaryotic cell that supplies the cell with ATP by performing cellular respiration
Definition
mitochondria
Term
also known as the powerhouse of the cell
Definition
mitochondria
Term
material found in cells that is made up of DNA, RNA, and proteins
Definition
chromatin
Term
material that chromosomes are made of
Definition
chromatin
Term
organelles on which proteins are made
Definition
ribosomes
Term
pigmented structure found in plant cells that serves various functions, such as the making and storage of food
Definition
plastid
Term
a cell organelle composed of vesicles and folded membranes that stores and transports hormones and enzymes
Definition
golgi complex
Term
two-layered arrangement of lipids that have a phosphate group and one or more fatty acid chains
Definition
phospholipid bilayer
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