Term
| Which species of wood is considered to be the stanard when comparing other woods for use in aicraft structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the basic difference between plywood and laminated wood? |
|
Definition
| each layer of laminated wood runs in the same direction. Grains of plywood run 90 and 45 degress from each other. |
|
|
Term
| what kind of glue is recommeded for making a repair to a wooden aircraft structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is pressue applied to the glued joint when splicing a wooden aircraft wing spar? |
|
Definition
| Cabinetmakers parallel clamps |
|
|
Term
| what kind of repair is recommended for a hole in the plywood skin of a wing?* |
|
Definition
| A scarf patch, covers both sides |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest hole in a plywood wing skin that can be repaired with a fabric patch?* |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is done to a splice in a wooden aircraft wing spar to strengthen the splice? |
|
Definition
| Reinforcing plates are GLUED to both sides of the splice |
|
|
Term
| What are three types of fabric that can be used to cover an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| cotton fabric, synthetic fabric, and glass fabric |
|
|
Term
| What paperwork must be completed if an aircraft that was originally covered with a Grade-A cotton fabric is re-covered using a synthetic fabric? |
|
Definition
| Covering must be done with a Supplemental Type Certificate and a Form 337 must be submitted. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the reinforcing tape that is used between the fabric and the rib lacing on an aircraft wing? |
|
Definition
| tape keeps the rib lacing cord from pulling through the fabric. |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred seam used for machine-sewing pieces of aircraft fabric together. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is minimum strength to which aircraft fabric is allowed to deteriorate before it is considered to be unairworthy?* |
|
Definition
| Fabric can deteriorate to 70% of the strength of the fabric that is required for the aircraft. |
|
|
Term
| How is the strength of the fabric on an aircraft structure determined? |
|
Definition
| Approximate strength test can be made with an FAA-approved fabric punch tester. using on a one-inch wide sample. |
|
|
Term
| what is done to cotton and linen fabric to protect it from mildew? |
|
Definition
| the first coat of dope that is used on cotton and linen has a midewcide mixed in it. |
|
|
Term
| Why should wooden wing spars be finished with a transparent varnish?* |
|
Definition
| transparent finish allows any decay or rot that develops in the wood to be detected. |
|
|
Term
| why is retarder used in dope when the dope is being sprayed in humid conditions? |
|
Definition
| slows the drying of the dope and keeps it from blushing (dull finish) |
|
|
Term
| what can be done to remedy blushing that has formed on a doped surface that has been sprayed? |
|
Definition
| spray a very light mist of one part retarder/ two parts of thinner. dry and reapply. if not good, area needs to be sanded off and new dope. |
|
|
Term
| what are three types of primer that may be used when paiting an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| zinc chromate primer, wash primer, epoxy primer. |
|
|
Term
| what are the two basic types of dope that are used on fabric-covered aircraft? |
|
Definition
| nitrate dope and butyrate dope. |
|
|
Term
| what type of thinner is used with zinc chromate primier? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are three requirements for a repair to a piece of sheet metal aircraft structure? |
|
Definition
| repair must restore lost strength and rigidity, and not change aerodynamics shape. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of a sight line when layig out sheet metal to be bent in a cornice brake? |
|
Definition
| sight line allows the jaws of a cornice break to be position so the bedn made by the brake will start at the bend tanget line. |
|
|
Term
| What is meatn by th ebend allowance used in making a bend in a piece of sheet metal?* |
|
Definition
| amount of metal that is actually used in making the bend from a piece of metal. |
|
|
Term
| what determins the minimum bend radius that can be used with a piece of metal? |
|
Definition
| thickness of the metal and its hardness |
|
|
Term
| what is meant by the setback when bending a piece of sheet metal in a cornice brake? |
|
Definition
| setback is the distance the jaws of the brake must be set back from the mold line to form the bend. |
|
|
Term
| why are lightening holes in a sheet metal wing rib flanged? |
|
Definition
| flangin the holes gives the rub rigidity. |
|
|
Term
| what is the minimum edge distance allowed when installing riverts in a piece of sheet metal?* |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the recommended tranverse pitch to use when making a revited two=row splice in a piece of sheet metal? |
|
Definition
| 3/4ths the oitch of the rivets in the rows. |
|
|
Term
| what causes crazing in a piece of transparent acrylic material?* |
|
Definition
| uneven stress in the material; sually cuased by heat. |
|
|
Term
| What are two types of electric resistance welding used in aircraft construction? |
|
Definition
| Spot Welding and Seam Welding |
|
|
Term
| What determines the amount of heat that is put into a weld by an oxy-acetylene torch? |
|
Definition
| the size of the orifice in the torch tip |
|
|
Term
| what is meant by tack welding?* |
|
Definition
| the use of small welded sports to hold the material together until the final bead is run. |
|
|
Term
| Why is it important that all traces of the welding flux be removed after a piece of aluminum or magneisum is welded?* |
|
Definition
| welding flux ix corrosive, can be removed with hot water |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the inert gas that i used in TIG (GA) and MIG (GMA) welding? * |
|
Definition
| forms a shield to keep ocygen away from the weld (ARGON) so oxides can not form and weaken weld. |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between brazing and welding? |
|
Definition
brazing, base metal not melted, covered in low melting point alloy.
Welding, base metal is melted |
|
|
Term
| what is used as the electrode in TIG (GTA) welding? |
|
Definition
| a small diamater tungsten wire |
|
|
Term
| what is an acceptable acetylene line pressure to use when welding an oxyacetlyne rig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What must be done to an aicraft fuel tank before it can be repaird/welded? |
|
Definition
| Gas gumes must be purged with live steam for atleasy 30 minutes, soaking in hot water or by filling with nitrogen or carbon dioxide. |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of a stall strip on a wing?* |
|
Definition
| stall strips distort the air flowing at the root of the wing to prevent stall past the ailerons |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of a servo tab on an aircraft control surface? |
|
Definition
| A servo tab provudces aerdoynamic force on a control surface that aids the pilot in moving the surface. |
|
|
Term
| why do most high performance aicraft use slotted flaps?* |
|
Definition
| flap can be deflected to a greater angle then other flap systems |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of vortex generators on the wing of a high speed airplance? |
|
Definition
| pull high energy air down to the surface of the wing and keep shock induced seperation from occuring. |
|
|
Term
| why is it importatn that nay repairs to the control surfaces not change the original condition of balance on the hinge line? |
|
Definition
| out of balance surface can flutter and tear the surface off the aircraft. |
|
|
Term
| For how long can an aircraft be opearted if a 100 hour is due?* |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| under what coniditions can an aircraft that is due an annual inspection be operated?* |
|
Definition
| under special permit from the FAA |
|
|
Term
| what certification is required to sign off a 100 hour? |
|
Definition
| mechanic with an A&P certificae |
|
|
Term
| what determines wether or not an aircraft needs a 100 hour inspection?* |
|
Definition
| any aircraft that carry person for hire or flight instruction. |
|
|
Term
| where are the requirements to inspection an ATC transpoded on an aircraft? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what takes up the shock of the landing impact in an oleo shock strut. |
|
Definition
| the metered transfer of oil from one compartment to the other. |
|
|
Term
| what takes up the taxi shock in an oleo shock strut? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much oil should be put into an oleo shock strut? * |
|
Definition
| felate the strust, remove the filler plug, and fill up to the level of the filler plug. |
|
|
Term
| how does a shimmy damper keep a snosewheel from shimmying?* |
|
Definition
| it acts as a small hydralic shock absorver between the piston and the cylinder of the nosewheel shock strut. |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of the debooster in a hydralic power brake system? Is volume increased or decrased? * |
|
Definition
| decreased the pressure and increased the volume of fluid goin to the brakes. |
|
|
Term
| how is the correct amount of air in a noleo shock strut determined> |
|
Definition
| by the amount the strut extends out of the clydnder when the weight of the aircraft is on it. |
|
|
Term
| where can you find the correct inflation preusse for tires on an aircraft? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of the compensator port in the master cylinder of acft brakes? |
|
Definition
| opens brake reservoir to the wheel clynder when brakes are off. prevents build up of pressure in the brake lines. |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of the shuttle valve in the breake system of an plane using power brakes? * |
|
Definition
| automatic transfer valve. incase of pressure lose, brakes can be operated by the emergency back up system. |
|
|
Term
| how does the anti-skid system work? * |
|
Definition
| monitors reate of deceleration of the wheels. brake presurre is realeased when wheel slows down slower then normal and then reapplied. |
|
|
Term
| what are the two basic types of hydralic fluid that are used in modern aircraft? |
|
Definition
| mineral base fluid and phosphate ester based fluid |
|
|
Term
| what kind of filter is a micronic filter? |
|
Definition
| a filter with a special paper element |
|
|
Term
| what does an unloading valve do in hydralic system? * |
|
Definition
| also known as pressure regulator, shifts pump outlet from pressurized system to reservoir when pressure too high. then back to the system. |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of an accumulator in an aircraft hydraulic system |
|
Definition
| hold pressure on the hydralic fluid in the system. pressure is maintained by nitrogen or compressed air acting on a bladder/diaphgram. |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between an open center and closed cneter selector valve * |
|
Definition
| open center allows fluid to go through the center even with no fluid is being actuated. closed center valves run parallael with keeping fluid to one side of the actuator and the rest to the return manifold. |
|
|
Term
| where does the pressuring air come from on most of the smaller reciprcoating engine aircraft? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what determines the amount of pressurizaion that an aircraft can use? * |
|
Definition
| structutral strength of the airccraft cbin |
|
|
Term
| what is meant by the isobaric mode of cabin pressureization? |
|
Definition
| keeps cabin altitue constant as the airraft chagnes its flight altitude. |
|
|
Term
| What is meant by the constant differentaional mode of cabin pressuration? |
|
Definition
| mode that holds pressure inside the cabin a constnat amount above the outside air pressure. |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the cabin pressure safety valve on a aircraft? |
|
Definition
| prevents cainb pressue from exceeding the maximum allowable differential pressure. |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of AC systems that may be installed on a aircraft? |
|
Definition
| Air-cycle systems and vapor-cycle systems. |
|
|
Term
| where does the warm air come from that is used to heat the cabin of most small single engine recip engines? |
|
Definition
| Shroud atound the engine muffler. |
|
|
Term
| How is the heat removed from an aircraft cabin with a vapor cycel AC system? |
|
Definition
| cabin heat is absorbed by the regrigriant in the evaporator, then sent to the outside air by the condensor. |
|
|
Term
| what are three ways supplmental oxygen can be carried in an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| high pressure gar, liquid form, in a solid form of a chemical candle. |
|
|
Term
| what kind of gaseous oxygen must be used to service an aircraft system? |
|
Definition
| only aviators breathing oxygen. other have too much moisture. |
|
|
Term
| What identification is stamped on an oxygen bottle on an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| indentifcation DOT 3AA or DOT 3HT, manufacture date, and date of all hydraulic tests, serial #. |
|
|
Term
| What instruments in an airacraft are connected to the static system |
|
Definition
| altitude (altimeter), airspeed, and vertical speed. |
|
|
Term
| what is the significance of a white arc on the dial of an airspeed indic. |
|
Definition
| white arc is the speed when flaps can be lowered. |
|
|
Term
| where can a mechanic find the range marking that are required on instruments * |
|
Definition
| type certificate date sheet. |
|
|
Term
| what check must be made if a mechanic replaces any instrument that is connected to the instruments static system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what error is corrected when an aircraft compass is swung? |
|
Definition
| deviation error. max deviation is 10% |
|
|
Term
| what is the maximum amount of deviation error that is allowed when a meagnetic compass is installed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the diffrence between a turn and slip indicator and a turn coordinator? |
|
Definition
| turn/slip is sensitive only on the yaw (vertical) axis. turn coordinator has a gyro that makes it sensitive on roll and yall axes. |
|
|
Term
| why is a dual tachometer used on a single engine helicopter? |
|
Definition
| one needle indicates the speed of the engine, one indicates speed of the rotor. |
|
|
Term
| in what units is the tachomoeter used on a turbine engine calibrated? |
|
Definition
| percetagen of takeoff RPM. |
|
|
Term
| what two sources of power are used to opearte the gyro instruments in an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| air operated, suction or pressue OR electrucally operated. |
|
|
Term
| which frequency band is used for most aircraft communications? * |
|
Definition
| VHF band, between 30 and 300 megahertz. |
|
|
Term
| which component of the ILS shares the antenna with the VOR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the preffered location for a DME antenna? |
|
Definition
| along the center line of the belly of the aircraft as far from any other antenna as is practical. |
|
|
Term
| what is meant by a transcevier? |
|
Definition
| a piece of radio communications equip. in which all of the circutis for the received and the transmitter are contained in one housing. |
|
|
Term
| what three components of an ILS are installed in an aircraft? |
|
Definition
| Receivers for the localizer, the glideslope, and the marker beacons. |
|
|
Term
| What is the preffered location for the ATC transpoder antenna? |
|
Definition
| on the center line of the belly of the aircraft as far from anoter antenna as practical? |
|
|
Term
| why is it necessar to install a doubler on the inside of the aircraft when antenna is mounted on the skin? |
|
Definition
| doubler reinforces the skin so wind loads on the antenna will not cause the skin to flex and crack. |
|
|
Term
| what are the two reason prist is added to the fule that us used in a troubjet aircraft? |
|
Definition
| Prist is biocidal agent that kills the scumforming bacteria in the fuel tank and also a antifreeza agent, by lowering the freeze point of water. |
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of fuel cells that are used in modern aircraft? |
|
Definition
| intergral fuel cells (sealed off portion) and bladder-type cells. |
|
|
Term
| where are fuel system strainers lcoated? |
|
Definition
| on the outlet to the tank, main strainer is lcoated between outlet of fuel tank and inlet of metering device. |
|
|
Term
| whate are three uses of a centrigufal boost pump that is installe in an aircraft fuel tank? |
|
Definition
| produce fuel pressure for starting the engine. prevent vapor lock at high altitude, transfer fuel from tanks. |
|
|
Term
| why do engine driven fuel pumps have a bypass valve in them? |
|
Definition
| bypas valve allows fuel from booster pump to flow around the engine drvie during starting and also if the engine drive pump should fail. |
|
|
Term
| what characteristic of the fuel is measured with the mass-flow fuel flowmeter tha is used with turbine engine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is meant by single point fueling? |
|
Definition
| Pressue fueling that is pumped through an underwing port, then to a manifold, and sent out to the secleted fuel tank. |
|
|
Term
| how is a fuel leak indiciated on a reciprcating enginer? |
|
Definition
| the dye that is in the gasoline stains the area around the leak. |
|
|
Term
| what is the prupose of a drip gauge in the fuel tank of a large aircraft? |
|
Definition
| allows mechanic to check the fuel level in a tank from the bottom of the tank. |
|
|
Term
| why do engine driven fuel pumps have a bypass valve in them? |
|
Definition
| bypas valve allows fuel from booster pump to flow around the engine drvie during starting and also if the engine drive pump should fail. |
|
|
Term
| what characteristic of the fuel is measured with the mass-flow fuel flowmeter tha is used with turbine engine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is meant by single point fueling? |
|
Definition
| Pressue fueling that is pumped through an underwing port, then to a manifold, and sent out to the secleted fuel tank. |
|
|
Term
| how is a fuel leak indiciated on a reciprcating enginer? |
|
Definition
| the dye that is in the gasoline stains the area around the leak. |
|
|
Term
| what is the prupose of a drip gauge in the fuel tank of a large aircraft? |
|
Definition
| allows mechanic to check the fuel level in a tank from the bottom of the tank. |
|
|
Term
| what safety precuations should be taken before an aircraft is defueled? |
|
Definition
| fuel truck is parked and all is grounded. all power is off except for fueling. |
|
|
Term
| what is the maximum number of wires that hsould be connected to any single stud in a terminal strip? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what size generator must be used in an airacft lectrical system of the connected electrical load is 30 amps, and no way to monitor generator outpput |
|
Definition
| connected load should not be more then 80% of load. a 40 amp would be required. 30/80=x/100 |
|
|
Term
| what kind of fault can be found in a generator armaure with a growle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does an aicraft engine electric statrs use a series of parallel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of rectifies is used in the small DC alternators insalled in most light aircraft? |
|
Definition
| six silicon diodes arraanged in three phase fullwave rectifier? |
|
|
Term
| what size aluminum wire would be proper to replace a piece of four gauge cooper wire? |
|
Definition
| two-gauge. two gauges larger then cooper. |
|
|
Term
| what is the smallest size aluminum wire that is approved for use in aircraft systems? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are three things must be synchorinzed before an aircraft AC gen is placed on the same bus with another AC gen? |
|
Definition
| voltage, frequency and the phase rotation. |
|
|
Term
| What is an annucator panel in an aicraft? |
|
Definition
| single point that contains all of the warning and confitiion lighs. monitor all systems at one glance. |
|
|
Term
| which device in a antiskid brake system would likely cause the brake to fail to release when a skid developed? |
|
Definition
| a malfunctioning antiski valve. |
|
|
Term
| where are the skid detecots lcoated in an antiskid brake system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what condition could cuase a take off warning system to actuate? |
|
Definition
| unsafe flight controls, wrong settings on stabs, flaps, speed brakes, etc. |
|
|
Term
| pnematic deicer boots operate before ice forms or after it has formed? |
|
Definition
| until ice has formed over them. |
|
|
Term
| where does the air crom from to perate the pnemuatic deicer boots on a recip engine? |
|
Definition
| from the discharge side of the air pump that is used to opearte gyro instruments. |
|
|
Term
| how those thermal anti-icing system operate? |
|
Definition
| hot comprressor bleed air is ducted to the leading edge of wing through a double skin. Hot air is controled by a time to get the ice chance to be picked uip and blown away. |
|
|
Term
| what is used to remove frost from an aircraft before flight? |
|
Definition
| mixture of ispropyl alcohol and ehtyoenle glycol? |
|
|
Term
| what are two ways rain can be kept from onstrction the pilots vision thorugh windshiled? |
|
Definition
| blown away from a high velpocity blast from compressed bleed air. or with electroncaill/mechanically winshield wipers. |
|
|
Term
| hwo is carbutartor ice prevent in the engines of small airraft. |
|
Definition
| heated air is directed into the carburator. heated air comes from the shroud of the exhaust muffler. |
|
|
Term
| What is an annucator panel in an aicraft? |
|
Definition
| single point that contains all of the warning and confitiion lighs. monitor all systems at one glance. |
|
|
Term
| which device in a antiskid brake system would likely cause the brake to fail to release when a skid developed? |
|
Definition
| a malfunctioning antiski valve. |
|
|
Term
| where are the skid detecots lcoated in an antiskid brake system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what condition could cuase a take off warning system to actuate? |
|
Definition
| unsafe flight controls, wrong settings on stabs, flaps, speed brakes, etc. |
|
|
Term
| pnematic deicer boots operate before ice forms or after it has formed? |
|
Definition
| until ice has formed over them. |
|
|
Term
| where does the air crom from to perate the pnemuatic deicer boots on a recip engine? |
|
Definition
| from the discharge side of the air pump that is used to opearte gyro instruments. |
|
|
Term
| how those thermal anti-icing system operate? |
|
Definition
| hot comprressor bleed air is ducted to the leading edge of wing through a double skin. Hot air is controled by a time to get the ice chance to be picked uip and blown away. |
|
|
Term
| what is used to remove frost from an aircraft before flight? |
|
Definition
| mixture of ispropyl alcohol and ehtyoenle glycol? |
|
|
Term
| what are two ways rain can be kept from onstrction the pilots vision thorugh windshiled? |
|
Definition
| blown away from a high velpocity blast from compressed bleed air. or with electroncaill/mechanically winshield wipers. |
|
|
Term
| hwo is carbutartor ice prevent in the engines of small airraft. |
|
Definition
| heated air is directed into the carburator. heated air comes from the shroud of the exhaust muffler. |
|
|
Term
| what type of fire extingusiher agent is best for both cabin fires and enginer fires? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is used as a fire xtinguisher agent in most high rated dischrage systems installed? |
|
Definition
| halogented hydrocarbons such as Halon 1301 and pressuirexed nitrogen. |
|
|
Term
| what happens when the T handle is pulled |
|
Definition
| bottl dischared is armed, fuel is shut off to the engine, along with hydralic pressure and engine bleed air. |
|
|
Term
| what releases the fire extinghusing agent in a high rate discharge bottle? |
|
Definition
| the SQUIB, electrically ignited powder charge blows a knife through seal. |
|
|
Term
| what three ypes of extingushing are recommended for extinghsuing cabin fires? |
|
Definition
| Water, Halon 1301, carbon dioxide. |
|
|
Term
| how does a carbon monozied detector warn the occupant of an acft in exces fo monozide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is a CO2 fire extingusiher checked for the amount of charge it contains? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can you determine wether or not a buitl in fire extinguhied system haas been discharged? |
|
Definition
red for thermal
yellow for regualr discharge
green is no fire, good. |
|
|
