Term
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Definition
| Nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx |
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Term
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Definition
| Bronchi, alveoli, lung parenchyma, pleura |
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Term
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Definition
| the presence of gas or air in the plural cavity |
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Term
| Narrowest part of adult airway |
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Definition
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Term
| Narrowest part of pediatric airway |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| removing a tube from a body opening |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's metabolic demand for oxygen exceeds the patient's ability to supply it |
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Definition
| assymetrical chest wall movement that lessons respiratory efficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| defect in the chest wall that allows a segment to move freely, causing paradoxical chest wall movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish discoloration form lack of blood flow/oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormality of breathing rate, pattern, or effort |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The absence or near-absence or oxygen |
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Definition
| Forceful exhalation of a large volume of air from the lungs. This performs a protective function in expelling foreign materials from the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Sudden, forceful exhalation from the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| Sudden inspiration caused by spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm with spastic closure of the glottis. |
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Definition
| Slow, deep, involuntary inspiration followed by a prolonged expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| A forceful expiration that occurs against a partially closed epiglottis |
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Term
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Definition
| Drop in blood pressure of greater than 10 torr during inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Deep, slow or rapid, gasping breathing commonly found in diabetic ketoacidosis |
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Term
| Cheyne-Stokes Respirations |
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Definition
| Progressively deeper,faster breathing alternating with shallow,slower breathing indicating brainstem injury |
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Term
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Definition
| Irregular pattern of rate and depth with sudden, periodic episodes or apnea, indication increased intracranial pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Shallow, slow infrequent breathing, indicating brain anoxia |
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Term
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Definition
| Results from partial obstruction of the upper airway by the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
| Results from the accumulation of blood, vomitus, or other secretions in the upper airway |
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Term
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Definition
| A harsh high-pitched sound heard on inhalation, associated with larygeal edema or constriction |
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Term
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Definition
| A musical, squeaking, or whistling sound heard in inspiration and/or exhalation, associated with bronchiolar constriction |
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Term
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Definition
| Diminished or absent breath sounds are ominous finding and indicates a serious problem with the airway, breathing, or both |
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Term
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Definition
| A fine, bubbling sound heard in inspiration, associated with fluid in teh smaller bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| A coarse, rattling noise heard on inspiration, associated with inflammation, mucus, or fluid in the bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| The stiffness or flexibility of the lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| A measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the peripheral tissues |
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Term
| Oxygen Saturation Percentage (SpO2) |
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Definition
| The saturation of arterial blood with oxygen as measured by pulse oximetry, expressed as a percentage. Normal 98% to 100% |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A recording or display of the measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide concentraion |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the measurement of expired CO2. It typically provides a display of the partial pressure CO2 (in torr of mmHg) or percentage of CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
| A capnograph a device that measures expired CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a visual representation of the expired CO2 waveform |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the measurement of the CO2 concentration a the end of expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 in a mixed gas solution |
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Term
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Definition
| Represents the partial pressure CO2 in the arterial blood |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 to 2 mm less than partial pressure or carbon dioxide, or approximately 5% |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Phase 1: The respiratory baseline
Phase 2: The respiratory upstroke
Phase 3: The respiratory plateau
Phase 4: The inspiratory phase |
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Term
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Definition
| Endotracheal detector device, used to make sure that you have the ETT in trachea, CONTRAINDICATED in pediatric patients |
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Term
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Definition
| Lift the jaw by grasping under the chin and behind the teeth, without tilting the head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lift the jaw using fingers behind the mandibular angles; do not tilt head |
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Term
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Definition
| Uncuffed tube that follows the natural curvature of the nasppharynx, passing through the noise and extending from the nostril to the posterior pharynx |
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Term
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Definition
| Uncuffed tube that follows the natural curvature of the nasppharynx, passing through the noise and extending from the nostril to the posterior pharynx |
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Term
| Nasopharyngeal Airway sizes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Unit of measurement approximately equal to one-third millimeter |
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Term
| Contraindications for nasopharyngeal airway |
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Definition
| Patient's who are predisposed to nosebleeds, who have nasal obstructions, facial fracture, ICP? |
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Term
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Definition
| Semicircular device that follows the palate's curvature |
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Term
| Contraindications for Oropharyngeal Airway |
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Definition
| Patient's with a gag reflex, patients who are conscious or semi-conscious |
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Term
| Oropharyngeal airway sizes |
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Definition
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Term
| Endotracheal intubation equipment |
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Definition
| Laryngoscope (handle, blade), ETT, 10-mL syringe, Stylet, BVM, Suction device, Magill forceps, Tape or tube-holding device |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of handle and blade, used to move the tongue and the epiglottis out of the way so you can see the vocal cords |
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Term
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Definition
| Test to make sure that your laryngoscope is ready to use |
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Term
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Definition
Endotracheal Tube lengths range from 12 to 33 CM and end that you ventilate on 15mm inside diameter/22mm outside diameter
Internal sizes from 2.5 to 4.5 (uncuffed) to 5.0 to 9.0 (cuffed) |
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Term
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Definition
| Plastic-covered metal wire used to bend the ETT into a J or hockey-stick shape for easier insertion |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA Eschmann tracheal tube introducer. Is a straight semiriged stylet-like device with a bent end that is covered with a protective resin. It is used to facilitate ETT placement when intubation is anticipated to be difficult |
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Term
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Definition
| Are scissor-style clamps with circular tips. |
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Term
| Endotracheal Intubation Indicators |
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Definition
*Respiratory of cardiac arrest
*Unconsciousness of obtusion without a gag reflex
*Risk of aspiraton
*Obstruction due to foreign bodies, trauma, burns,or anaphylaxis
*Respiratory extremis due to disease
*Pneeumothorax, hemothorax, or hemopneumothorax with respiratory difficulty |
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Term
| Contraindications for Endotracheal intubation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Stand for the drugs that you can put down an ETT: Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Atropine, Naloxone |
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Term
| Max amount of time to attempt Endotracheal Intubation at a time |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Is marked by progressively worsening compliance (more difficulty in ventilation), diminished unilateral breath sounds, hypoxia with hypotension, and destended neck veins |
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Term
| Ways to verify the placement of the ETT in the trachea |
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Definition
*Visualize the tube passing through the cords
*Presence of bilateral breath sounds
*Absence of breath sounds over the epigastrium
*Positive end-tidal CO2 change on an ETCO2 device
*Use of an EDD device
*Absence of vomitus in ETT
*Absence of phonation, or vocal sounds,once tube in place |
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Term
| Transillummination Intubation |
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Definition
| Uses a plastic cable with a malleable, retractable wire running through its center and a small, high density bulb on the distal end. Confirm correct placement by observing the stylet's light go through the anterior neck's soft tissue; esophageal intubation results when you do not see the light. This technique works best in the dark of in a thin patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses your fingers to guide the tube into the trachea |
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Term
| Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) |
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Definition
| Giving medication to sedate (induce) and temporarily paralyze a patient and then performing orotracheal intubation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Classic rapid sequence induction is an anesthetic procedure whereby patients rapidly receive induction of general anesthesia, followed by indotracheal intubation |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the primary neurotransmitter, and blocking it results in relaxation of skeletal muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substitute themselves into the neuromuscular junctions in place of acetylcholine |
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Term
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Definition
| Block the uptake of acetylcholine and do not allow stimulation of the muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| Succinylcholine, Vecuronium, Atacurium, Pancuronium |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary stop in breathing |
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Term
| How to figure out pediatric ETT size |
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Definition
| ETT size(mm) = (age in years + 16) / 4 |
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Term
| How to figure out depth of pediatric ETT placement |
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Definition
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Term
| If heart rate falls below 60bpm (or below 80bpm in an infant) during endotracheal intubation |
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Definition
| Stop the procedure and reinitiate ventilation with 100% oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| Through the nose and into the trachea |
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Term
| Indications for nasotracheal intubation |
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Definition
*Possible spinal injury
*Clenched teeth,preventing opening the patient's mouth (when RSI not available)
*Fractured jaw, oral injuries, or recent oral surgery
*Significant angioedema (facial and airway swelling)
*Obesity
*Arthritis, preventing placement in sniffing position |
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Term
| Contraindication for nasotracheal intubation |
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Definition
*Suspected nasal fracture
*Significant deviated nasal septum
*Cardiac or respiratory arrest
*Unresponsive patient (b/c they have to exhale for you to be able to pass the tube) |
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Term
| Esophageal Tracheal CombiTube |
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Definition
| Is a dual-lumen airway with a ventilation port for each lumen. |
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Term
| Pharyngo-Tracheal Lumen Airway |
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Definition
| Is a two-tube system. The first tube is short, with a large diameter;it's proximal end is green. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is an airway with an inflatable distal end that masks the laryngeal opening |
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Term
| Esophageal Gastric Tube Airway and Esophageal Obturator Airway |
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Definition
Esophageal Gastric Tube Airway= is a hollow tube with a cuff to the proximal to the distal open port blocks air the esophagus. Esophageal Obturator Airway=is a hollow tube with a closed end and a distal cuff intended to block air from the esophagus. |
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Term
| Contraindications of the Esophageal Gastric Tube Airway and the Esophageal Obturator Airway |
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Definition
*Age less than 16 *Height less than 5 feet or more than 6'7" *Possible ingestion of caustic poisons *History or esophageal disease or alcoholism |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical airway technique that inserts a 14-gauge needle into the trachea at the cricothyroid membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical airway technique that places an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube directly into the trachea through a surgical incision at the cricothyroid membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrowing or constriction |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury caused by pressure within an enclosed space |
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Term
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Definition
| Opening in the anterior neck that connects the trachea with ambient air |
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Term
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Definition
| To remove with a vacuum-type device |
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Term
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Definition
(D) steel tank with 400-liters (E) 660-liter (M) 3,450-liter |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulator used to transfer oxygen at high pressures from tank to tank |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure regulator used for delivering oxygen to patients |
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Term
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Definition
| Catheter placed at the nares delivers 40% |
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Term
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Definition
High flow mask that uses a venturi system to deliver relatively precise oxygen concentrations Delivers 24%,28%,40% |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A ventilation device that is manually operated by a push button or lever |
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