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Algebra 1.1
Algebra Terms
29
Mathematics
Not Applicable
09/27/2009

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Term
Associative
Definition

(p+q)+r = p+(q+r)

(p · q) · r = p · (q · r)

Term
Commutative
Definition

p+q = q+p

p · q = q · p

Term
Principle of Substitution
Definition
If p = q, then p can be replaced by q.
Term
Trichotomy
Definition
Given p ε R and q ε R, then one of the following has to be true: p < q, p > q or p = q
Term
Real Numbers
Definition
{x : x ε {Q U I}} = R
Term
Properties of Absolute Values
Definition
|p| ≥ 0, |p| = |-p|, |p-q| = |q-p|, |pq| = |p| · |q|, |p/q| = |p| / |q|, |p|2 = p2
Term
Rational Numbers
Definition
{x : x = p / q; p ε N, q ε N and q ≠0}
Term
Distance Between Values
Definition
Given p ε R & q ε R, then the distance between p and q is |p - q|
Term
Define Absolute Value
Definition
p ε R, |p| is the distance of p from 0.  If p < 0, then |p| = -p. If p ≥ 0, then |p| = p
Term
Show the order of operations in order of most important to least important
Definition

Grouping Symbols

Exponents

Multiplication and Division from left to right.

Addition and Subtraction from left to right.

Term
Quotients and products of real numbers with 0
Definition
p ε R, p · 0 = 0, 0 / p = 0, p ≠0
Term
Division of Real Numbers
Definition
p ε R & q ε R.  p / q = p (1/q); q ≠ 0
Term
Subtraction of Real Numbers
Definition
p - q = p + (-q)
Term
Factor
Definition
Any one of the numbers that are being multiplied or divided in a product or quotient expression.
Term
Term
Definition
Any one of the numbers being added or subtracted in a sum or difference expression.
Term
Expression
Definition
A sequence of symbols that represent a product, quotient, sum or difference operation
Term
Irrational Numbers
Definition
{x : x is on the number line and x is not in Q} = I
Term
Distributive
Definition

Given p ε R, q ε R, and r ε R, then

p(q + r) = pq + pr

Term
Natural Numbers
Definition
{x : x is in the counting sequence 1,2,3,4,...} = N
Term
Whole Numbers
Definition
{ x : x ε {0, {N}} } = W
Term
Integers
Definition
{ x : x ε W U -N } = Z
Term
Identity
Definition

Given p ε R

 

p x 1 = p = 1 x p

p + 0 = p = 0 + p

Term
Inverse
Definition

Given p ε R,

p (1/p) = 1 = (1/p)p

p + (-p) = 0  = (-p) + p

Term
Closure
Definition

Given p ε R and q ε R,

p + q ε R and pq ε R

Term
Properties Of Equality
Definition

Given p ε R, q ε R, and r ε R

Reflexive: p = p

Symetric: If p = q, then q = p

Transitive: if p = q and q = r, then p = r

Term
Name the properties of addition and multiplication of real numbers
Definition

Closure

Associative

Commutative

Distributive

Identity

Inverse

Term
Transitive Properties Of Inequality
Definition

Given p ε R, q ε R, and r ε R

If p < q and q < r, then p < r.

If p > q and q > r, then p > r.

Term
Set Intersection
Definition
A ∩ B = {x : x ε A and x ε B}
Term
Set Union
Definition
A U B = {x : x ε A or x ε B }
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