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Native Americans
Lived in what is now Mexico
Routinely offered their gods human sacrifices
Violent
Built amazing pyramids and a great civilization without having a wheel. |
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| Indians of the Ohio River Valley. |
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| The Mississippian settlement |
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At Cahokia
Near present-day East St. Louis, Illionis
Home to about 40,000 people in at 1100 A.D |
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Legendary leader
Inspired the Iroquois, a powerful group of Native Americans in the northeaster woodlands of the U.S. |
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Vikings that discovered America in about 1000 A.D., when they discovered modern-day Newfoundland.
Abandoned it for bad conditions |
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Italian adventurer
Supposedly sailed to the Far East (China) in 1295 and returned with stories and supplies of the Asian life there (silk, pearls, etc…) |
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A Portuguese sailor,
First to round the southernmost tip of Africa, a feat he did in 1488 |
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| In 1498, he reached India and returned home with a small but tantalizing cargo of jewels and spices. |
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| Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile |
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The wedded king and queen of Spain,
Their marriage united the previously non-existing country. |
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An Italian seafarer who persuaded Spain to give him three ships for which to sail west to look for a better route to India,
He “discovered” America in 1492 |
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| Discoverer of the Pacific Ocean in 1513 |
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| In 1519, his crew began a voyage and eventually ended up becoming the first to circumnavigate the world even though he died in the Philippines. The sole surviving ship returned to Europe in 1522. |
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| n 1513 and 1521, this Spanish Explorer explored Florida, searching for gold (contrary to the myth of his seeking the “Fountain of Youth”). |
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| In 1532, he crushed the Incas of Peru and got lots of bounty. |
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| A Spanish missionary who was appalled by the method of encomienda, calling it “a moral pestilence invented by Satan.” |
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| Annihilator of the Aztec in 1519 |
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| A female Indian slave who knew Mayan and Nahuatl, the language of the Aztec. |
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| The leader of the Aztecs at the time of Cortés’ invasion who believed that Cortés was the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl. |
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| AKA John Cabot, he explored the northeastern coaster of North America in 1497-98. |
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| An Italian explorer dispatched by the French king in 1524 to probe the eastern seaboard of U.S. |
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Leader of a Spanish group that traversed parts of Mexico, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in 1598
He and his men proclaimed the province of New Mexico in 1609 and founded its capital, Santa Fe. |
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| Sent by the French, he went on an expedition down the Mississippi in the 1680s. |
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| He explored the California coast in 1542 but failed to find anything of interest. |
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The Spanish missionary who founded 21 missions in California, in 1769
Founded Mission San Diego, the first of the chain. |
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the Spanish word for “conqueror,”
Explorers claimed much of America for Spain, slaughtering millions of natives in the process |
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| a euphemism for slavery in which Indians were given to colonists to be “Christianized.” |
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| Spanish for Columbus Day. |
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| massive prehistoric lake, all of which remains today in the form of the Great Salt Lake. |
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treaty that settled Spanish and Portuguese differences in the Americas
Portugal got modern-day Brazil
Spain got the rest. |
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| Revolt in which Indians took over New Mexico and held control for nearly half a century. |
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| Capital of the West African kingdom of Mali, a place located in the Niger River Valley |
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| Madeira, the Canaries, São Tomé, Pricipe |
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| Areas where sugar plantations were established by Portugal then Spain where African slaves were forced to work. |
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| A rich silver mine in Bolivia that enriched Spain with lots of wealth. |
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