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| aka as the central nervous system. consists of the brain and the spinal cord |
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| aka the peripheral nervous system. consists of all the nervous tissue outside of the CNS |
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| The portion of the peripheral nervous system consisting of somatic sensory (afferent) neurons and somatic motor (efferent) neurons. is voluntary and controls only the skeletal muscles |
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| aka ANS Visceral sensory (afferent) and visceral motor (efferent) neurons. Autonomic motor neurons, both sympathetic and parasympathetic, conduct nerve impulses from the central nervous system to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. So named because this part of the nervous system was thought to be selfgoverning or spontaneous. |
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| aka as "fight or flight". One of the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, having cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in the lateral gray columns of the thoracic segment and the first two or three lumbar segments of the spinal cord; primarily concerned with processes involving the expenditure of energy. Also called the thoracolumbar division |
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| aka "rest and digest" One of the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, having cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in nuclei in the brain stem and in the lateral gray horn of the sacral portion of the spinal cord; primarily concerned with activities that conserve and restore body energy. Also known as the craniosacral division |
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| carries the signal to the CNS |
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| carries the signal away from the CNS |
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| receiving/input portion of a neuron |
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| long, thin cylindrical projection that propagates nerve impulse from one neuron, muscle fiber or gland cell to another |
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| cone shaped elevation joining the neuron to the axon |
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| made of myelin sheath, encircle PNS axons |
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| contains a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes typical cellular organelles such as lysosomes, mitochondria, and a Golgi complex |
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| free ribosomes and clusters of Rough ER |
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| multilayered lipid and protein covering |
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| gaps in the myelin sheath |
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| cluster of neuronal cell bodies located in the PNS |
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| composed primarily of myelinated axons |
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| contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals, and neuroglia. It appears grayish, rather than white, because the Nissl bodies impart a gray color and there is little or no myelin in these areas |
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| ), the special mode of action potential propagation that occurs along myelinated axons, occurs because of the uneven distribution of voltage-gated channels |
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| electrical signal used by neurons for short-distance communication |
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| electrical signal used by neurons for long-distance communication |
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