Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Region where the diaphysis and the epiphyses meet |
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Term
1. What is the epiphyseal plate |
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Definition
| Layer of hyaline cartilage that allow the bone to grow lengthwise |
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Term
1. Define articular cartilage |
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Definition
| Cartilage that covers the epiphyses; reduces friction at the joint |
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Term
1. Define periosteum. What are the 2 layers of the periosteum |
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Definition
| Connective tissue covering the diaphysis; fibrous outer layer and osteogenic inner layer |
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Term
1. What is hydroxyapatite? Is it part of the matrix? |
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Definition
| Mineral salt (tricalcium phosphate) that makes up the bone; Yes |
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Term
1. Name the 4 types of bone cells & list their function or characteristics |
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Definition
Osteoprogenitor cells – develop into osteoblasts, mitotically active;
Osteoblasts – secrete collagen, no mitotic ability;
Osteocytes – mature bone cells, maintain daily metabolic activity;
Osteoclasts – modified monocytes that breakdown and resorb bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic structural unit of bone = Haverian system |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentric rings of hard, calcified matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| Spaces in cartilage and bone where cells reside |
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Term
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Definition
| Canals connecting lacunae with each other and the central canals; conduit system for nutrient and waste transport. |
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Term
1. What is the function of Volkmann’s canals |
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Definition
| Canals connecting the vessels of the periosteum with the Haverian canals and the medullary cavity. |
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Term
1. Does spongy bone contain osteons? Haversian canals? |
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Definition
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Term
1. What is the difference between intramembranous & endochondral ossification? |
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Definition
| Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone directly on or within fibrous connective tissue; endochondral ossification is the formation of bone from a cartilage model. |
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Term
1. Name the 4 zones of the epiphyseal plate |
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Definition
| Resting, proliferating, hiertrophic, calcified |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrow, cleft-like open between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerves pass |
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Term
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Definition
| A depression in or on a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Large, rounded protuberance at the end of a bone; forms a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| Smooth, flat surface; forms a joint |
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Term
1. Name the bones of the cranium? |
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Definition
| Frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid |
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Term
1. Name the bones of the face? |
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Definition
| Nasal (2), maxillas (2), zygomatic (2), mandible, lacrimal (2), palatine (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), vomer |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the zygomatic processes of the temporal bones? |
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Definition
| Possesses mandibular fossa and articular tubercle which articulates with the candylar process of the mandible to form the temporomanolibular joint. |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the mastoid processes of the temporal bones? |
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Definition
| Attachment point for neck muscles |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the foramen magnum of the occipital bone? |
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Definition
| Allows the spinal cord and blood vessels to pass into and out of the brain |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the occipital condyles of the occipital bone? |
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Definition
| They articulate with the atlas |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone? |
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Definition
| Crodles the pituitary gland |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone? |
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Definition
| Contains olfactory foramina which allow the olfactory nerves to enter the brain from the nasal cavity |
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Term
1. What is the significance of the crista galli of the ethmoid bone? |
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Definition
| Attachment points for the brain membranes (meninges) |
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Term
1. What are alveolar processes? Where do you find them? |
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Definition
| Sockets for teeth; maxillae and mandible |
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Term
1. Where would you find the mental foramen? |
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Definition
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Term
1. Does the hyoid articulate with other bones? |
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Definition
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Term
1. The vertebral column is divided into what sections or vertebrae types. |
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Definition
| Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx |
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Term
1. What is the vertebral foramen? |
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Definition
| Space formed by pedicles, lamina, and body of the vertebrae; contains the spinal cord |
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Term
1. What is the intervertebral foramen? |
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Definition
| Formed by the superior and inferior vertebral notches of each pedicles; permits the passage of the spinal nerves into and out of the vertebral column |
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Term
1. Which vertebrae interacts with the occipital condyles? |
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Definition
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Term
1. Which vertebrae possesses the dens? |
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Definition
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Term
1. What surfaces of the sacrum articulate with the ilium of the coxal? |
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Definition
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Term
1. What portion of the sternum interacts with the clavicles? |
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Definition
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Term
1. Are ribs attached to the xiphoid process? |
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Definition
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Term
1. What is the difference between true & false ribs? |
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Definition
| True ribs connected to the sternum via costal cartilage; false ribs are connected to the costal cartilage of the 7th rib via costal cartilage; floating ribs (false) have no attachment. |
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