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| A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell |
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| A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body |
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| The long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell. |
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| Medullary sheath: a layer of myelin encasing (and insulating) the axons of medullated nerve fibers. |
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| A junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter. |
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| Nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland. |
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| Sensory nerves are nerves that receive sensory stimuli, such as how something feels and if it is painful. |
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| Going from body to brain. |
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| Going from brain to body. |
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| The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres. It is responsible for the integration of sensory and neural functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity. |
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| The part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity. |
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| Either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle, relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception. |
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| A region of the forebrain below the thalamus that coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary. |
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| Pituitary: the master gland of the endocrine system; located at the base of the brain. |
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| The continuation of the spinal cord within the skull, containing control centers for the heart and lungs. |
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| Clear watery fluid that fills the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. |
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| Each of the first pair of cranial nerves, transmitting impulses to the brain from the smell receptors in the mucous membrane of the nose. |
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| A broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain. |
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| The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes. |
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| Originates in the thoracic regions of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the parasympathetic: reduces digestive secretions; speeds the heart; contracts blood vessels. |
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| Parasympatheic Nervous System |
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| Originates in the brain stem and lower part of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system: stimulates digestive secretions; slows the heart; constricts the pupils; dilates blood vessels. |
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