Term
| What is the origin of the internal thoracic arteries? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two areas or structures do the internal thoracic nourish? |
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Definition
1.Intercostal spaces anteriorly via small intercostal branches and from the musculophrenic artery
2.Rectus abdominis via the superior epigastric artery |
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Term
| What muscles holds the internal thoracic artery to the inside of the chest wall? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the sensory innervation to the pleura lining the:
thoracic cavity
mediastinum
diaphgram
costal & diaphragmatic surface of lungs
oblique fissure |
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Definition
thoracic cavity (costal part)
- Intercostal nerves
mediastinum
-Phrenic nerve
diaphragm
-Phrenic (central part) and intercostal nerves (peripheral)
costal and diaphragmatic surface of lungs
-Visceral afferents
oblique fissures
-Visceral afferents |
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Term
| In general, by how many ribs higher does the inferior border of the lungs lie than the lowest extent of the parietal pleura? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the mid axillary line, in mid-inspiration, the lungs cross the ___ rib, while the lower border of the parietal pleura crosses the ____ rib. |
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Definition
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Term
| To drain fluid from the pleural cavity the drain tube is commonly placed in the 8th or 9th intercostal space, mid-axillary line. The drain enters what recess? |
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Definition
| Costodiaphragmatic recess |
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Term
| What intercostal muscle layers does the intercostal neurovascular bundle travel between? |
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Definition
| the intermost intercostal and internal intercostal muscles |
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Term
| Developmentally, each lung has how many broncho-pulmonary segments? |
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Definition
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Term
| Anatomically the superior lobe of the lung lies mostly _____, while the inferior lobe lies mostly _____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Lower projection off the left upper lobe of lung |
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Term
| The lingual is synonymous with what part of the right lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| The apex of each lung lies above the _______ & ______ to extend into the root of the neck. |
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Definition
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Term
| What travels with the segmental bronchi through the middle of the broncho-pulmonary segment? |
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Definition
| Segmental bronchi and artery |
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Term
| What is the result of sympathetic innervation to the lung? |
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Definition
| Vasodilation of pulmonary and bronchial vessels, decreased mucus secretion & bronchodilation. The book differs from my answer in that it states that the sympathetics vasoconstricts the pulmonary and bronchial arteries. Supposedly this increases the pressure, but does not make sense to me so this particular point (vasodilation/vasoconstriction) will not be tested over. |
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Term
| Lymphatic drainage of the lungs is collected by what set of lymph nodes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Other than pulmonary vessels, what is the blood supply to the lungs and bronchi? |
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Definition
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Term
| The lung and viscera pleura are insensitive to somatic-type stimuli, except for: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which primary bronchus is more likely to receive a foreign body and why? |
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Definition
| Right main bronchus, it is wider a straighter continuation of the trachea. |
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Term
| What is another name for the right upper lobar bronchus and why? |
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Definition
| Epiarterial, it lies above the right pulmonary artery. |
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Term
At the hilum of the lung, what pulmonary structure(s) generally lies most
anterior?
posterior?
superior? |
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Definition
anterior - pulmonary veins
posterior - bronchus
superior - pulmonary artery |
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Term
| At what vertebral body level and sternal level does the trachea bifurcate? |
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Definition
| At the sternal angle, 4th thoracic vertebral body level. |
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Term
| What is the upward pointing projection on the inside of the trachea at its bifurcation into primary bronchi? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve runs anterior to the root of the lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve runs just posterior to the root of the lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| What component of the autonomic nervous system is found on the lateral sides of the vertebral bodies in the thorax? |
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Definition
| sympathetic chain and greater splanchnic nerve |
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Term
| Where is the needle placed to avoid the intercostals neurovascular bundle while removing fluid from the costodiaphragmatic recess? |
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Definition
| Through the middle of the space, using the superior border of the rib below as a guide. |
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Term
| In a unilateral sucking or open pneumotharax, what does the mediastinum and inflated lung do during inspiration? |
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Definition
| They deviate to the side opposite the opening in the thoracic wall. |
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Term
| In a unilateral tension pneumothorax, what does the mediastinum and inflated lung do upon expiration? |
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Definition
| They remained deviated to the side opposite the opening in the thoracic wall. |
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Term
| During inspiration describe the changes in shape and volume of the thoracic cavity. |
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Definition
| All volumes increase, thus pressure decrease within the thoracic cavity. The ribcage elevates increasing the side-to-side diameter (bucket handle) and the anterior-posterior diameter (pump handle), while the diaphragm contracts and drops, increasing the superior-inferior diameter. |
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