Term
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Definition
Fibrous coronet of pulmonary valve
Fibrous coronet of aortic valve
Left fibrous ring: mitral valve
Right fibrous ring: tricuspid valve |
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Term
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Definition
posterior aspect of heart
left atrium
narrow portion of right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
blunt descending projection
left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
left ventricle
narrow portion of right ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
right atrium
right ventricle
narrow portion of left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| separates myocardial fibers of the atria and ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
left ventricle
small extent by left auricle |
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Term
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Definition
inferior border
sternocostal and diaphragmatic surfaces meet
right ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
superior vena cava
right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| between left atrium and left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
Thinner and larger walls than left atrium
auricle: primitive embryonic heart
crista terminalis
fossa ovalis
opening of coronary sinus
valve of inferior vena cava
superior and inferior vena cave
R atrioventricular valve |
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Term
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Definition
Junction of rough pectinate muscles vs smooth interior of the sinus venarum
superior end marks location of sinoatrial node |
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Term
| valve of inferior vena cava |
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Definition
| In embryonic heart, directs blood from inferior vena cava through foramen ovale and into left atrium (also call eustachian valve) |
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Term
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Definition
3 cusps
anterior, posterior, septal |
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Term
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Definition
keep leaflets from prolapsing into the atria, contraction holds leaflets in place as pressure builds
ruptures: prolapse, leaflet is not held in place
distance runner might make papillary muscles too strong=quivering |
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Term
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Definition
cusps of tricuspid valve
trabeculae carneae
papillary muscles
chordae tendineae
septomarginal trabecula (moderator band) |
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Term
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Definition
2 pulmonary veins
smooth-walled part
fossa ovale
atrioventricular valve (mitral) |
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Term
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Definition
anterior and posterior cusps
closes at beginning of systole
part of lub sound |
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Term
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Definition
Everts into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts during systole.
Although relatively common and often benign, it may produce chest pain, shortness of breath, and cardiac arrhythmia.
Mitral valve (systemic) prolapse is more common than tricuspid valve (pulmonary) prolapse |
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Term
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Definition
wall 2-3x's thicker than right
mitral valve cusps
trabeculae carneae
papillary muscles
chordae tendineae
aortic valve |
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Term
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Definition
right, left, anterior
part of the S2 "dub" sound
Forced closed by pressure and the elastic recoil in pulmonary trunk during relaxation of right ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
right, left, posterior
Right and left coronary arteries open into right and left aortic sinuses
S2 "dub" sound |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
secondary to viral infections
sounds like squeaky leather and may be widespread |
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Term
| Pericardiophrenic a. & v. |
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Definition
| with the phrenic nerve on the external surface of the fibrous pericardium |
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Term
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Definition
innervation of the pericaridum
carry afferents from the pericardium
sympathetic innervation
strength and rate of contractions
pain signals from the heart |
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Term
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Definition
origin: r aortic sinus
distribution: r atrium, SA and AV nodes, posterior portion of IV septum |
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Term
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Definition
origin:60% r coronary a., 40% l coronary a
distribution: SA node and pulmonary trunk |
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Term
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Definition
origin: R coronary a
distribution: R ventricle and apex of heart |
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Term
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Definition
origin: R coronary a (post. descending)
distribution: R and L ventricles and IV septum |
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Term
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Definition
origin: R coronary a 80%
distribution: AV node |
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Term
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Definition
origin: L aortic sinus
distribution:L atrium and ventricle, IV septum, AV bundle and AV node (40%) |
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Term
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Definition
origin: L coronary a
distribution: L atrium and ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
origin: L circumflex
distribution: L border of L ventricle (if present) |
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Term
| R Coronary Artery Supplies |
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Definition
Right atrium
Most of right ventricle
Diaphragmatic surface of left ventricle
Posterior 1/3 of AV septum
SA node in 60% of people
AV node in 80% of people |
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Term
| Left Coronary Artery Supplies |
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Definition
Left atrium
Most of left ventricle
Anterior 2/3 of AV septum (including AV bundles)
SA node in 40% of people |
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Term
| Variations in Arterial Supply |
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Definition
(1) Right dominant distribution (70%) is most common, with posterior interventricular artery arising from the right coronary artery.
(2) Left dominant distribution (10%) is present when circumflex branch of left coronary gives off the posterior interventricular artery.
(3) Balanced distribution (20%) occurs when both right and left coronary arteries supply the posterior interventricular arteries. |
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Term
| Where does most of the blood from coronary circulation return to the R atrium through? |
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Definition
coronary sinus
pair of small anterior cardiac veins |
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Term
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Definition
direct continuation of great cardiac vein
opens into right atrium
Receives all cardiac veins except anterior cardiac veins and smallest cardiac veins |
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Term
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Definition
| coincides with closure of atrioventricular valves at start of systole |
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Term
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Definition
| closure of aortic and pulmonary valves at end of systole |
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Term
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Definition
diaphragm
external intercostals
interchondral portion of internal intercostals |
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Term
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Definition
passive elastic recoil of thoracic cage
abdominals |
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Term
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Definition
all in quiet
SCM
scalenes
levator costarum
serratus posterior superior/inferior |
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Term
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Definition
rectus abdominis
external and internal obliques
internal intercostals |
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Term
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Definition
parietal
costal
mediastinal
diaphragmatic
cervical |
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Term
| Bronchopulmonary Segments |
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Definition
ry segments include bronchi and pulmonary arteries, with pulmonary veins draining a segment near by.
Thus, bronchoplumonary segments can be surgically removed while leaving the rest of the lung intact.
There are 10 (some texts say 8 in left lung) bronchopulmonary segments in each lung. |
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Term
| Bronchopulmonary Segments (names) |
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Definition
Upper lobe:anterior segment, apical segment, posterior segment
Middle lobe: lingula, lateral, medial
Lower lobe: superior segment, posterior segment, lateral segment, anterior segment |
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Term
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Definition
traumatic injury to lung wall
infection causing hole in lung wall
air/gas in pleural cavity
inherent elasticity causes lung to collapse |
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Term
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Definition
blood in pleural space
injury to intercostal vessel
sometimes laceration of parenchema |
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Term
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Definition
fluid in pleural space
CHF
infection |
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Term
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Definition
(compression, obstruction, collapse)
x-ray shows opaque area
elevation of hemidiaphragm on bad side
mediastinum shift to bad side
smaller rib interspaces on bad side |
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Term
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Definition
The bronchi have small arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the bronchial tree.
2 on the left come off the descending aorta
1 on the right comes off the 3rd posterior intercostal artery |
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Term
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Definition
| Bronchial relaxation, constriction of smooth muscle and decreased glandular secretion |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
vagus n.
Bronchial constriction, dilation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and increased glandular secretion |
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