Term
| Describe the order of lymph flow |
|
Definition
lymph capillaries-->
lymphatic vessels-->
lymphatic trunks-->
lymphatic ducts-->
right lymphatic duct or thoracic duct |
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Term
| Where does the lymph produce come from? |
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Definition
| interstitial fluid in the blood |
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Term
| List 3 functions of the lymphatic system |
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Definition
return excess interstitial fluid to blood
absorb fat and vitamins from GI tract
protect body against foreign pathogens |
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Term
| Where are the lacteals located? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 3 main regions (superficial) where lymph nodes tend to cluster and their location |
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Definition
inguinal (groin)
axillary (armpit)
cervical (neck) |
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Term
What does the afferent vessel do?
efferent? |
|
Definition
afferent: enters node
efferent: leaves node |
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Term
| What is the function of the lymph node? |
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Definition
| filter and cleanse lymph before it enters blood |
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Term
| Name the 2 lymphatic ducts |
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Definition
Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct |
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Term
| Where does the right lymphatic duct drain from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the right lymphatic duct empty? |
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Definition
| Empties into right subclavian vein |
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Term
| What does the thoracic duct drain? |
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Definition
| the rest of the body (not including RUQ:right lymphatic duct) |
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Term
| Where does the thoracic duct empty into? |
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Definition
| Empties into left subclavian vein |
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Term
| What aids the flow of lymph? |
|
Definition
muscular activity:
breathing
muscle contraction
peristalsis |
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Term
| What is the function of the thymus? |
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Definition
| Processing and maturation of T lymphocytes (T cells) |
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Term
| When is the thymus at its largest and when does it begin to shrink? |
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Definition
Largest in infants and children
Decreases in size after puberty |
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Term
| What is the function of the spleen? |
|
Definition
filters blood: removes old and damaged erythrocytes (red blood cells) from circulation
can act as a reservoir for blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Lymphatic tissue consisting mainly of lymphocytes around arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of venous sinuses filled with blood and cords of lymphatic cells, such as lymphocytes and macrophages |
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Term
| List the 3 tonsils and their location |
|
Definition
- Palatine: "the tonsils"--lateral wall of oropharynx
- Pharyngeal: "Adenoids"--posterior wall of nasopharynx
- Lingual: posterior surface of tongue
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Term
| What is the purpose of the tonsils? |
|
Definition
to trap bacteria
provide protection against pathogens entering nose or mouth |
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Term
| Where are B-lymphocytes produced? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the function of B-lymphocytes? |
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Definition
| Responsible for production of antibodes that react with the antigen or substances produced by the antigen |
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Term
| Where are T-lymphocytes produced? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Where do T-lymphocytes mature? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the function of T-lymphocytes? |
|
Definition
attack specific antigens
cell-mediated immunity |
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Term
| List 4 non-specific defense mechanisms and 2 examples of each |
|
Definition
- barriers: skin, mucous membrane
- chemical: proteins in plasma, lysozomes
- phagocytosis: macrophages, neutrophils
- inflammation: localized, systemic
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Term
| What is an autoimmune disease? |
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Definition
the body fails to recognize its own antigens and attacks itself
ex: MS, rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
| What is cell-mediated immunity? |
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Definition
| T-cells are alerted to and directly attack the foreign antigen, which develops defense for now and future |
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Term
| What is antibody mediated immunity? |
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Definition
| B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies that react with the antigen or substances produced by the antigen |
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Term
| List 4 different types of acquired immunity |
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Definition
- Active natural immunity
- Active artificial immunity
- Passive natural immunity
- Passive artificial immunity
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Term
| What is meant by genetic immunity? |
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Definition
Result of our DNA
pathogens can cause disease in specific hosts |
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