Sternocleidomastoid

*Neck Flexion *Contralateral rotation of head

Clavicular head – sternal end of clavicle.

Sternal Head – manubrium.        

 Mastoid Process

CN XI & (C_2-C₃₎

Scalenes

Anterior

Middle, &

Posterior

*Elevates ribs, *Neck flexion & lateral flexion, *Contralateral rotation of head

Transverse and costal processes C₂-C₇

Superior surface of first 2 ribs

Cervical Spinal Nerves

Subclavius

*Depression

*Protraction

1^st Rib

Clavicle (inferior border)

Long Thoracic Nerve (C₅-C₇)

Pectoralis Minor

*Depresses scapula

Ribs 3-5

Coracoid process

Medial Pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

*Protraction

*Downward rotation

*Elevates ribs

Pectoralis Major

*Flexion of shoulder

Ribs 2-6, Sternum, Infero-medial portion of clavicle

Greater tubercle & lateral lip of bicipital groove

Pectoral nerve (C5-T1)

*Adduction of humerus

*Internal rotation humerus

Anterior Deltoid

*Abduction of humerus

Clavicle and scapula

Deltoid tuberosity

Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

*Flexion of humerus

*Internal rotation of Humerus

Coracobrachialis

*Flexion of shoulder. *Adduction for humerus

Coracoid process

Medial margin of shaft of humerus

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)

Biceps Brachii (short head)

*Flexion at elbow

Coracoid process

Radial tuberosity

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

Biceps Brachii (long head)

*Flexion at shoulder &  elbow

Supraglenoid tubercle

Radial tuberosity

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

Brachialis

*Flexion at elbow

Anterior & distal portion of humerus

Ulnar tuberosity

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) & Radial nerve (C7-C-8)

Pronator Quadratus

*Pronates forearm/hand

Antero-medial surface of distal ulna

Antero-lateral surface of distal radius

Median nerve (C-8-T1)

Pronator Teres

*Pronates forearm/hand

*Elbow Flexion

Medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna

Middle of lateral surface of radius

Median nerve (C₆-C₇)

Flexor carpi radialis

*Flexion of wrist

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Bases of 2^nd and 3^rd metacarpals

Median nerve (C-6-C7)

*Abduction of wrist (Radial deviation)

Flexor carpi ulnaris

*Flexion of wrist *Adduction of wrist (ulnar deviation)

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Pisiform bone, hamate bone and base of 5^th metacarpal

Ulnar nerve (C-8 -T1)

Palmaris longus

*Flexion of wrist

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Median nerve (C-6-C7)

Flexor digitorum superficialis

*Flexion of digits 2-5

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Mid-portion  of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Median nerve (C-7-T1)

*Wrist Flexion

Flexor digitorum profundus

*Flexion of fingers

*Wrist Flexion

Postero-medial surface of ulna & interosseous membrane

Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Palmer Interosseous nerve – (C8-T1)

Flexor pollicis longus

*Flexion of thumb

*Flexion of wrist Abduction of wrist

Anterior shaft of radius & interosseous membrane

Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Median nerve (C-8-T1)

Piriformis

*Lateral rotation of hip

Anterolateral surface of the sacrum

Greater trochanter

Sacral nerve (S1-S2)

*Abduction of hip

Adductor brevis

*Adduction of hip

Inferior ramus of pubis

Linea aspera of femur

Obturator nerve (L3-L4)

*Flexion of hip

Adductor longus

*Adduction of hip

Inferior ramus of pubis

Linea aspera of femur

Obturator nerve (L3-L4)

*Flexion of hip

Adductor magnus

*Adduction of hip

Inferior ramus of pubis & ischial tuberosity

Linea aspera of femur & adductor tubercle

Obturator nerve & Sciatic nerves

Pectineus

*Adduction of hip

Superior ramus of pubis

Pectineal line – which is below the lesser trochanter

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

*Flexion of hip

*Internal rotation- femur

Gracilis

*Flexion at the knee & hip

Inferior ramus of pubis

Inferior to medial condyle of tibia

Obturator nerve (L3-L4)

*Adduction of hip

*Internal rotation - femur

Iliopsoas

(Iliacus)&

(Psoas Major)

*Flexion at hip

Iiacus - Iliac fossa)

Psoas - Transverse processes of (T12-L5)

Lesser trochanter

Iliacus - 

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Psoas - Lumbar Plexus (L2-L3) –

Sartorius

*Flexion at knee

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Antero-medial surface of Tibia

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

*Flexion at hip

*External rotation - femur

Rectus femoris

*Flexion of hip

Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Tibial tuberosity  via quadraceps tendon or patellar ligament or patellar tendon

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

*Extension of knee

Vastus intermedius

*Extension of knee

Anterolateral surface of femur & distal half  linea aspera

As above

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Vastus lateralis

*Extension of knee

 Inferior to greater trochanter & proximal half of linea aspera

As above

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Vastus medialis obliquus (Internis)

*Knee Ext.

Linea aspera

As above

As above

Tibialis anterior

*Dorsiflexion

Lateral condyle of tibia

Base of 1^st metatarsal and middle (2^nd) cuneiform

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

*Inversion

Extensor digitorum longus

*Toe extension

Lateral condyle of tibia & anterior surface of fibula

Dorsal surfaces of phalanges 2-5

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

*Dorsiflexion

*Eversion

Extensor hallucis longus

*Hallicus extension

Anterior surface of fibula

Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

*Dorsiflexion

*Inversion

Rectus Abdominis

*Lumbar/spinal flexion

*Lateral Flexion of spine both sides

*Posterior pelvis rotation

Crest of pubis

Cartilage of 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process

Intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

External Oblique

* Lumbar/spinal flflexion

*Lateral flexion of spine both sides

*Contralateral rotation of the spine

Borders of lower 8 ribs at side of chest

Apononeroses from linea alba to iliac crest

Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)

Internal Oblique

* Lumbar flexion

*Lateral flexion both sides

*Ipsilateral rotation spine

Thoracolumbar fascia & iliac crest

Costal cartilage of the 8-10^th ribs and linea alba

Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)

Transverse Abdominis

*Forces expiration

Inner rim of the iliac crest, and inner surface of the costal cartilages of the lower 6 ribs

Crest of pubis, and linea alba

Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)