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| Finding a compromise or equilibrium with nature. Focusing on the absence of complex social issues and practicing a 'close to nature' lifestyle. |
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| slash-and-burn horticulture/swidden horticulture |
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when wild land is cleared and burned over, farmed, then permitted to lie fallow and revert to its wild state. Allow for recovery.
ex: The Guarani Indians in the forests of Paraguay |
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| commodification vs. commoditization |
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Commodification is taking things that originally do not pose market value then transforming them into value. Its meaning is reduced to supply and demand.
Commoditization: the process by which goods that have economic value and are distinguishable in terms of attributes end up becoming simple commodities in the eyes of the market or consumers. |
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| anthropocosmism vs. biocentrism |
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Anthropocentrism: the perspective that human beings are the central, only or most significant animal species.
Biocentrism: extends inherent value to non-human species, ecosystems, and processes in nature |
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a contemporary political movement advocating economic liberalizations, free trade and open markets. Neoliberalism supports the privatization of nationalized industries, deregulation, and enhancing the role of the private sector in modern society
ex) Reed's Forest Development the Indian Way (neoliberalism is opposite of sustainable economy) |
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| ideology that emphasizes the links between people of African descent. |
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| usually associated with the work of Edouard Glissant, the ideology of "Caribbean-ness" calls for Antillean identities to be grounded in the Caribbean, rather than in Europe or Africa. |
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| an ideology that asserts the originality of Antillean cultures, pointing to their capacity to continually reinvent themselves while drawing on their European, African, and Asian heritages. |
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| local white plantation owners in Martinique and Guadeloupe. They do not invite the blacks to socialize with them and they do not invite them to socialize either. They think everything is fine but their racism ruined the society. |
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| le social vs. le culturel |
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le social: term used in France to describe areas in which government policies are required to reduce the structural tensions brought on by class differences.
le culturel: ethnic or traditional aspects of life, usually associated with regional or immigrant minorities in France and contrasted with le social. |
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| high culture vs. folk culture |
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High culture: mainly associated with the arts. It is the culture of an elite
Folk culture: refers to a culture traditionally practiced by a small group living in relative isolation from other groups. It demonstrates the "old ways" over novelty and relates to a sense of community. If elements of a folk culture are copied by, or moved to, a foreign locale, they will still carry strong connotations of their original place of creation.
ex) French high culture is understood in France to be universal culture (contemporary music, French art, cuisine) |
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| An attempt to bring Antillean culture to France. Appeals only to Antillean and performed in Creole. A creation of Antillean community and identity. Evocative. Theater, dance, music, and art were included as privileged forms with which to represent Antillean life. |
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| Its objective was to broaden the range of artistic styles associated with Caribbean culture in metroplitan France. Instead of reproducing traditional forms of music and art from the Antilles, Stand-Fast created a style of high art relevant to and embedded in the arts of contemporary France. |
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| liberty, equality, and fraternity. The idea that one ascends to being French, not born. Secular meaning there is no connection to a particular community of belief (religion). It is a community of assent. |
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| mixing the Antillean heritage into French society. |
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| South-to-North Water Diversion Project |
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| a multi-decade infrastructure project of the People's Republic of China to better utilize water resources available to China. |
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| based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few staple products grown on large farms called plantations. |
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| a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze River in China. It's the world's largest power station in terms of installed capacity. Concerns about the potential wildlife impact of the Dam predate the National People's Congress's approval in 1992. This region has long been known for its rich biodiversity. |
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