Term
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Definition
Trade: Cefdinir
Indications: pneumonia, sinusitis, tonsillitis
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin's and penicillin's
Side Effects: Seizures, Clostridium Difficile Associated-Diarrhea (CDAD)
Dosage and Route: PO 300mg every 12 hours; RI <30mL 300mg every 24 hours
Other: anti-infectives class, do not administer within 2 hours before or after antacids or iron supplements |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Levofloxacin
Indications: UTI, Chlamydia, pneumonia
Contradictions: uncorrected hypokalemia or hypomagnesaemia, current use of IA (anti-arrhythmic), myasthenia gravis
Side Effects: elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, suicidal thoughts/behavior, aortic aneurysm/dissection, stevens-johnson syndrome hepatotoxity, CDAD, anaphylaxis
Dosage and Route: PO IV 750mg once daily for 7-14 days, RI 750mg daily for 5 days
Other: anti-infectives class |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Nitrofurantoin, Furantoin, Macrobid, Macrodantin
Indications: Organism caused UTI, NOT bacterial UTI
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity to paraben, history of jaundice or hepatic impairment, pregnant or < 1 month old infant
Side Effects: Pneumonitis, CDAD, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity
Dosage and Route: PO 50-11mg every 6-8 hours or 100mg every 12 hours extended-release; chronic suppression 50-100mg single evening dose
Other: anti-infectives class, DO NOT CRUSH TABLETS OR OPEN CAPSULES, BEERS DRUG |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Paxil, Paxil CR, Brisdelle, Pexeva
Indications: Depression, anxiety, PTSD, PMS, Menopause
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity, concurrent use of MAO or MAO-like drugs
Side Effects: chest pain, edema, hypertension, palpations, postural hypotension, tachycardia, vasodilation, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS). blurred vision
Dosage and Route: Depression: 20mg single dose in AM, controlled-release tablets 25mg once daily; geriatric patients PO 10mg/day initially then may increase slowly, controlled-release tablets 12.5mg/daily, maybe increased slowly. Anxiety: PO 20mg/day, controlled-release tablets 12.5mg/day initially. PTSD: PO 20mg/day. PMS: PO controlled-release tablets 12.5mg/daily through menstrual cycle. Menopause: PO 7.5mg/daily @ HS. RI 10mg/day, controlled-release 12.5mg/day
Other: Classes: antianxiety agents, antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). May take with food, DO NOT CRUSH, BREAK, or CHEW, BEERS DRUG |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Cephalexin
Indications: Skin/skin structure infections, respiratory tract infections, UTI, bone infections
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin's and penicillin's
Side Effects: CDAD, seizures, anaphylaxis
Dosage and Route: PO 250-500mg/daily every 6 hours
Other: anti-infectives, first generation cephalosporin's |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Norfloxacin
Indications: UTI, gyno infections- cystitis, gonorrhea, prostatitis
Contradictions: Myasthenia gravis, hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Elevated Intracranial Pressure, seizures, hepatotoxity, CDAD drug rash, SJS, Systemic Symptoms Syndrome, Anaphylaxis
Dosage and Route: UTI: PO 400mg q 12 hours for 3-21 days. Gonorrhea: PO 800mg single dose. Prostatitis: PO 400mg q 12 hours for 28 days. RI <30mL/min 400mg once daily
Other: Class: anti-infectives, fluoroquinolones. Take 1 hr before eating or 2 hrs after eating with full glass of water. Calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, or zinc should be ingested within 2 hrs before and 2 hrs after administration, NO LONGER AVAILABLE IN UNITED STATES |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Gablofen, Lioresal, Ozobax
Indications: Multiple sclerosis or spinal cord lesions
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity, epilepsy
Side Effects: edema, hypotension, seizures
Dosage and Route: PO 5mg TID. IT 100-800mcg/day infusion; dose is determined during screening phase
Other: anti-spasticity agents |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Lamictal, Lamictal ODT, Lamictal XR
Indications: Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder maintenance
Contradictions: Acute manic, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease
Side Effects: cardiac arrest, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), SJS, hepatic failure, aseptic meningitis, suicidal thoughts, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Dosage and Route: PO 25mg/daily for 1st 2 wk, then 50mg/daily for 2 wk, then increase by 50mg/day every 1-2 week to maintain dose of 225-375mg/day BID. Extended release tablets: 25mg/day 1st 2 wks, then 50mg/daily for 1 wk, then150mg/daily for 1 wk, then 200mg/daily for 1 wk, then increase by 100mg/day every week to maintain dose of 300-400mg/daily
Other: Class: anti-convulsants. XR Tablets- DO NOT CRUSH, BREAK, or CHEW, discontinue gradually over 2 wks |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Furadantin, Furantoin, Macrobid, Macrodantin
Indications: Organism UTI
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity to parabens, pregnancy near term or infant <1 month old
Side Effects: Pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis, CDAD, Hepatotoxicity
Dosage and Route: PO 50-100mg every 6-8 hrs or PO 100mg every 12 hrs as extended-release product
Other: anti-infectives DO NOT CRUSH OR OPEN (DNC), take with food or milk, BEERS DRUG |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Zithromax, Zmax
Indications: Respiratory infections
Contradictions: Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or other macrolide anti-infectives
Side Effects: Cardiovascular Death, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, DRESS, SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis, CDAD, hepatotoxicity
Dosage and Route: PO 500mg on 1st day, then 250mg/day for 4 more days (total dose of 1.5g)
Other: anti-infectives class, macrolides class |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Diazepam, Diastt, Valtoco
Indications: Anxiety, pre-op-sedation, seizure, skeletal muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal
Contradictions: Sensitivity to benzodiazepines, myasthenia gravis, pulmonary impairment, depression, sleep apnea, glaucoma
Side Effects: respiratory depression
Dosage and Route: PO 2-10mg 2-4 times daily, IM IV 2-10mg, may repeat in 3-4 hour as needed
Other: anti-anxiety agents, anticonvulsants, sedative/hypnotics, skeletal muscle relaxants, benzodiazepines, controlled substance IV, BEERS DRUG, needs to be tapered off over 3 day period |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: ReVia, Vivitrol
Indications: Opioid or alcohol dependence
Contradictions: Concurrent use of opioid analgesics or physiologic opioid dependence, opioid withdrawal, positive urine screen for opioids
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, suicidal ideation, eosinophilic pneumonia (injection)
Dosage and Route: PO initial dose 25mg Maintenance dose is PO 50mg/day
Other: alcohol abuse therapy adjuncts, opioid antagonists |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Histantil, Promethazine
Indications: Allergic reactions, motion sickness, pre-op sedative, prevent nausea and vomiting
Contradictions: comatose patients, prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, angle-closure glaucoma
Side Effects: neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Dosage and Route: PO 6.25-12.5mg TID and 25mg @HS
Other: antiemetics, antihistamines, sedative/hypnotics, phenothiazines, HIGH ALERT MEDICATION: bears heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when used in error, BEERS DRUG |
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Alnox, Ez-OX, Heliox
Indications: hypoxia, cardiac or respiratory arrest,
Contradictions: breathlessness, unable to maintain airway
Side Effects: dry or bloody nose, dry mouth/lips, tiredness, headaches
Dosage and Route: Nasal cannula 1-4 liters
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Term
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Definition
Trade: Gabapentin
Indications: Partial seizures, postherpetic neuralgia, RLS
Contradictions: hypersensitivity
Side Effects: SJS, rhabdomyolysis, suicidal thoughts, anaphylaxis
Dosage and Route: PO 300mg TID
Other: analgesic adjuncts, therapeutic, anticonvulsants, mood stabilizers, CSS V, okay to cut in half, DNC |
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