Term
Function of muscle tissue |
|
Definition
- Producing body movement
- Stabalizing body positions
- Moving substances within the body
- Generating heat
- Regulating organ volume
|
|
|
Term
Characterisitics of skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
- Most move bones
- Strated
- Voluntary control
- Each muscle is an organ
|
|
|
Term
Characteristics of cardiac muscle |
|
Definition
- Located in the heart
- Striated
- Voluntary control
|
|
|
Term
Characteristics of cardiac muscle |
|
Definition
- Located in the heart
- Striated
- Voluntary control
|
|
|
Term
Characteristics of smooth muscle |
|
Definition
- Located in walls of hollow internal structures
- Nonstriated
- Involuntary control
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Component surrounding individual fibers/sarcomeres
Made up of reticular fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Components surround fascicles
Made up of dense irregular connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Surround entire muscle
Made up of densce irregular connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Groups of 10 to 100 or more muscle fibers bundles together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dense sheet or broad band of irregular connective tissue surrounding organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flat, broad, sheet like tendon. (NOT IN BUNDLES) |
|
|
Term
What is significant about somatic motor innervation? |
|
Definition
Those neurons stimulate skeletal muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
Nerve supply from brain or spinal cord |
|
Definition
Muscles of the extremities recieve innervation from the spinal cord, while facial expression muscles receive innercation from the brain |
|
|
Term
Nerve supply from neuromuscular junction |
|
Definition
Action potentials travel from either the brain or the spinal cord to the muscle via neuromuscular junction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Supply muscle with oxygen and nutrients |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Drain muscle of carbon dioxide and wastes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gas (O2,CO2) and nutrient/waste exchange occurs at capillaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Myoblasts form muscle fibers.
Multinucleated with poor regerneation (Born with fixed number of muscle fibers in body, only grow through enlargement of existing fibers.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Muscle fiber's plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Muscle fiber cytoplasm
-Contains Glycogen and Myoglobin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Invaginators on sarcolemma
- Form tunnel from surface to fiber center
- Filled with extracellular fluid
- Help spread electrical current through cell
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Contractile structures give striated appearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Fluid filled sacs surrounding myofibrils
- Store calcium
- Terminal cisterns
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Entire length of THICK filament (Myosin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Center of A band. Only thick filaments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Functional unit of myofibril |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thick and thin fibers overlap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Only THIN filaments (Actin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Thick filaments
- Contractile protein
- Approximately 300 molecules of myosin form thick filaments
- Tail points toward M LINE
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Thin Filaments
- Contractile protein
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Thin Filaments
- Contractile protein
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Keeps actin from binding to myosin in a relaxed muscle
REGULATORY protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hold tropomyosin in place
REGULATORY Protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Anchor thick filaments to Z dick and M line
- Keeps thick and thin filaments arranged
- Elastic and extensible
- Structural protein
|
|
|
Term
Sliding filament mechanism |
|
Definition
Thin filaments move toward M line
Meet at center of sarcomere
Z disc come close together
Thick and thin filaments overlap
Sarcomere shortens
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Membrance enclosed sacs on synaptic end bulbs of motor neuron
- Store Acetylcholine molecules
|
|
|
Term
NEUROTRANSMITTER of synapse component of Neuromusclar Junction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Region of sarcolemma adjacent to synaptic end bulb
- Houses ACh receptors
|
|
|
Term
Muscle contraction cycle
BEFORE CYCLE
Step 1 |
|
Definition
BEFORE CYCLE
Nerve sends a motor action potential thourh a motor neuron (either from the brain or spinal cord) to neuromuscular junction
Action potential arrices at synaptic end bulbs stimulating the release of ACh via exoytosis from the synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft.
ACh bings to ACh receptors on the motor end plate, triggering muscle action potential. |
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
BEFORE CYCLE
Step 2 |
|
Definition
Muscle action potential travels through the sarcolemma and t-tubules |
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
BEFORE CYCLE
Step 3 |
|
Definition
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum releases calcium |
|
|
Term
Muscle contraction cycle
BEFORE CYCLE
Step 4 |
|
Definition
Calcium binds to troponin |
|
|
Term
Muscle contraction cycle
BEFORE CYCLE
Step 5 |
|
Definition
Troponin-tropomyosin complex moes away from myosin binding site on actin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- ATP Hydrolysis
- Myosin heads attaches to actin
- Power stroke
- Myosin detached from actin
|
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
Step 1 |
|
Definition
ATP Hydrolysis
Energize myosin head to attach to actin |
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
Step 2 |
|
Definition
Myosin head attaches to actin
at myosin binding site forming cross bridges |
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
STEP 3 |
|
Definition
Power stroke
Myosin head rotates, releasing ADP and P.
Move thin filament along thick filament toward M line. |
|
|
Term
Muscle Contraction Cycle
STEP 4 |
|
Definition
Myosin detached from actin
ATP bound to myosin head again
Myosin head detached from actin |
|
|
Term
Needed to happen for contraction cycle to continue |
|
Definition
ATP available and calcium level in sarcoplasm is high |
|
|
Term
Muscle fatigue associated with |
|
Definition
REDUCTIONS in
Calcium
Creatine Phosphate
Oxygen
Glycogen and other nutrients
ACh
BUILDUP of
Lactic Acid and ADP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Slow twitch
Small diameter fibers
Large amounts of myoglobin and capillaries
Slow due to Slow rate of ATPase in myosin heads |
|
|
Term
Fast oxidative glycolytic fibers |
|
Definition
Intermediate diameter fibers
Large amounts of myoglobin, capillaries
Generate ATP through aerobic or anaerobic cellular respiration
FAST becasue ATPase hydrolyzes ATP in myosin FASTER than SO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fast twitch
Largest diameter
Low myoglobin content, few capilaries
ATP throuh glycolysis
Hydrolyze ATP rapidly
STRONG, RAPID muscle contractions, fatique quickly |
|
|