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AP Government
Chapter 13 (bob)
31
Other
10th Grade
01/18/2008

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Term
Conventional Political Participation
Definition
: Political participation that attempts to influence that political precess through well-accepted, often moderate forms of persuasion.
Term
Unconventional Political Participation:
Definition
Political participation that attempts to influence the political precess through unsuaual or extreme measures, such as protests, boycotts, and picketing.
Term
Turnout:
Definition
The proportion of the voting-age public that votes
Term
ticket-splitting
Definition
voting for candidates of different parties for
Term
retrospective judgment
Definition
a voter's evaluation of the performance of the party in power
Term
prospective judgement
Definition
a voter's evaluation of a candidate based on what he or she pledges to do about an issue if elected
Term
authoritarian system
Definition
: a system of government that bases its rule on force rather than consent of the governed
Term
electorate
Definition
: the citizens eligible to vote
Term
mandate
Definition
a command, indicated by an electorates votes, for the elected officials to carry out their platforms
Term
Primary Elections
Definition
elections in which voters decide which of the candidates within a party will represent the party in the general election
Term
closed primaries
Definition
: a primary election in which only a party's registered voters are eligible to vote
Term
open primaries
Definition
A primary election in which voters from either party may vote
Term
crossover voting
Definition
: participation in the primary of a party with which the voter is not affiliated
Term
 raiding
Definition
an organized attempt by voters of one party to influence the primary results of the other party
Term
runoff primary
Definition
: a second primary election between the two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes in the first primary
Term
General election
Definition
: election in which voters decide which candidates will actually fill elective public offices
Term
ballot measures
Definition
: an election option such as the initiative or referendum that enables voters to enact public policy
Term
 initiative
Definition
an election that allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the state electorate for popular vote
Term
referrendum
Definition
: an election whereby the state legislature submits prpoosed legislation to the sate's voters for approval
Term
recall
Definition
: an election in which voters can remove an incumbent from office by popular vote
Term
 front-loading
Definition
the tendency of states to choose an early date on the primary calendar
Term
unit rule
Definition
a traditional party practive under which the majority of a state deligation can force the minority to vote for its candidate
Term
superdelegates
Definition
: delegate slot to the Democratic Party's national convention that is reserved for an elected party official
Term
The Electoral college
Definition
: Representatives of each state who cast the final ballots that actually elect a president
Term
electors
Definition
: member of the electoral college chosen by methods determined in each state
Term
reapportionment
Definition
: reallocation of the number of seats in the House after each decennial census
Term
popular vote
Definition
: people electing the president
Term
congressional district plan
Definition
: one vote for each congressional district
Term
Redistricting
Definition
: redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats allottted to the states as well as population shifts within a state
Term
Midterm Elections
Definition
: an election that takes place in the middle of a presidential term
Term
Regional Primaries
Definition
: a proposed system in which the country would be divided into five or six geographic areas and all states in each region would hold their presidential primary elections on the same day
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