Term
|
Definition
| Max Weber states that it was a "rational" way for a modern society to conduct its business. It depends on certain elements: It has a hierarchical authority structure; it uses task specialization and it develops extensive rules. They operate on the merit principle and behave with impersonality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hiring and promotion system based on political reasons rather than on merit or competence. |
|
|
Term
| Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883) |
|
Definition
| created the federal civil service. (President Chester A. Arthur encouraged this passage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all of these systems are designed to hire and promote members of the bureaucracy on the basis of merit and to create a nonpartisan government service. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is intended to intended to produce an administration of people with talent and skill. Bureaucracies operate on this principle, in which entrance and promotion are warded on the basis of demonstrated abilities versus "who you know." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prohibits civil service employees from actively participating in partisan politics while on duty. while off duty that can engage in political activities, but they cannot run for partisan elective offices or solicit contributions from the public. |
|
|
Term
| Office of Personnel Management (OPM) |
|
Definition
| in charge of hiring for most federal agencies. They have elaborate rules about hiring, promotion, working conditions, and firing. For each position open at jobs, the OPM will send three names to the agency. |
|
|
Term
| GS (General Schedule) Rating |
|
Definition
| Each job is assigned to one of these. They rang from GS 1-GS 18. Salaries are keyed to rating and experience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It's at the very top of the civil service system (GS 16-18) and has about 9,000 members. It's called the "cream of the crop" of the federal employees. These executives earn high salaries, and the president may move them from one agency to another as leadership needs a change. |
|
|
Term
| Independent Regulatory Commission |
|
Definition
| Each one has responsibility for some sector of the economy, making and enforcing rules designed to protect the public interest. They also judge disputes over these rules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| They are not exactly like private corps., in which you can buy stock and collect dividends, but hey are like private corporations- and different from other parts of the government- in two ways. 1st: they provide a service that could be handled by the private sector and 2: they typically charge for their services, though usually at rapes cheaper that those the consumer would pay to t private- sector producer. |
|
|
Term
| Independent Executive Agencies |
|
Definition
| Essentially all the rest of the government- not cabinet departments, not regulatory commissions, and not government corporations. Their administrators typically are appointed by the President and serve at his well. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The stage of policy-making between the establishment of a policy and the results of the policy for individuals.
"Implantation is the continuation of policy-making by other means," stated by karl Clausewitz.
Implentation inclues:
1: creation of a new agency or assignment of any responsibility to an old agency
2: Trasnatlation of policy goals into operational rules and development of guidelines for the program
3: coordination of resources and personnel to achieve the intended goals. |
|
|
Term
| Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) |
|
Definition
| Bureaucrats use this to help them make numerous everyday decisions. They bring uniformity to complex organizations. |
|
|
Term
| Administrative Discretion |
|
Definition
| The authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem. |
|
|
Term
| Street- Level Bureaucrats |
|
Definition
| Michael Lipsky coined this phrase to refer to those bureaucrats who are in constant contact with the public (often a hostile one) and have considerable discretion; they include police offers, welfare workers, and lower- court judges. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lifting of government restrictions on business , industry, and professional activities. Idea behind it is that number and complexity of regulatory polices have made regulation too complicated and burdensome. Problem to critics is that it raises prices & distorts market forces. (more in depth on 491) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presidents can issue these to agencies. These orders carry the force of law and are used to implement statues, treaties, and provisions of the Constitution. |
|
|
