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AQA Economics Unit 3 Chapter 6: Competition Policy
Key definitions
21
Economics
12th Grade
05/22/2014

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Term
Incumbents
Definition
The existing firms in the industry.
Term
Contestable market
Definition
Where free entry and exit exists in a market.
Term
Competition policy
Definition
Methods that the UK government and EU authorities use in order to make markets more efficient.
Term
Restrictive trade practices
Definition
Methods used by firms to reduce competition in a market.
Term
Competition Commision
Definition
A government organisation responsible for implementing policy in relation to monopolies.
Term
Dominant market position
Definition
Where a firm, or group of firms working together, have a market share of at least 40%.
Term
Office of Fair Trading
Definition
A government organisation responsible for implementing aspects of competition policy.
Term
Department of Trade and Industry
Definition
The government department responsible for British Industry.
Term
Public interest
Definition
A term used broadly to cover the public's right not to be exploited by firms abusing monopoly power.
Term
Nationalisation
Definition
State control of firms.
Term
Privatisation
Definition
Sales of government-owned assets to the private sector.
Term
Deregulation
Definition
The process of removing government controls from markets.
Term
Restrictive trade practices
Definition
Methods used by firms to reduce competition in a market.
Term
Natural monopoly
Definition
A firm that can theoretically gain continuous economies of scale and where it is thus uneconomic for more than one firm to supply the market.
Term
Enterprise culture
Definition
A way of life that emphasises the importance of individuals who create their own businesses and wealth.
Term
Public-private partnerships (PPPs)
Definition
Partnerships between the private and public sectors to provide public services.
Term
Private finance initiative (PFI)
Definition
A form of public-private partnership in which private sector firms undertake the bulk of the work.
Term
Regulation
Definition
Setting rules and controls that restrict market freedom.
Term
Regulatory capture
Definition
Where agencies set up to regulate industries or firms can be 'captured' or influenced by the firms they are intended to oversee.
Term
Goodwill
Definition
The value of a firm in excess of its asset value including reputation, brand name, trade contacts and general expertise.
Term
Hit and run entry
Definition
Where new firms enter the industry, cream off some of the supernormal profits of the incumbents and then exit.
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