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600 - 480 BCE
* Construction of the oldest peripteral Doric and Ionic temples.
* First life-size stone statues with "Archaic smiles"
* Innovations in black- and red-figure vase painting. |
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| external colonnade (row of columns) on all four sides |
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| Main room with a cult statue |
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| the outside porch, room before the Naos |
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pre-
The rear room on a Greek temple that balances the prenaos. |
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| It's there just to balance the Pronaos, Greeks like symmetry |
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| level on which columns stand, a.k.a. the top step |
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| People who lived on the mainland |
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| people who lived on islands, the far east coast of Greece, or by the sea |
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| The top area of the column where the abacus, volute and echinus are located |
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| Replacing the frieze along the top of Doric temples, alternates with metopes, section styled with three beam segments, holding up a roof. |
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| Spaces with sculpture that run along the top of a Doric temple, alternates with triglyphs. |
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| Square brick shape at the very top of a column, separating the volute and the architrave. The abacus combined with the volute is called the capital. |
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| A rounded, squished mushroom shape piece at the top of a Doric column. It's below the abacus and above the necking and column of drums. |
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| The triangle shape on a temples gable that has artwork |
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| The decorative molding that separates a frieze with a pediment on a Ionic Temple. |
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| The decorative molding along the top of the pediment on Ionic and Hellenistic temples. |
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| The horizontal line of art or decorative molding under the pediment on Ionic and Hellenistic temples. |
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| A 3D decorative piece on the top corner of the pediment on Doric temples. Where a gargoyle would be placed. |
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| Vertical groves carved into columns on Greek temples. Doric flutes run the entire length. Ionic/Corinthian columns have flutes rounds at the top and bottom. |
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| On Ionic temples, the long fluted shaft combined with the decorative scrolled capital make a column. |
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| The scrolled piece at the top of Ionic columns, below the abacus and above the column. The volute combined with the abacus is called the capital. |
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| The bottom of the 'roof' section on Greek temples. It's below the triglyphs/metopes on Doric temples and below the frieze on Ionic temples. |
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Peristyle - external colonnade (row of columns) on all four sides
Cella (Naos) - Main room with a cult statue
Pronaos - the outside porch, room before the Naos
Columns in antis - hold up the roof
Opistho-domos - It's there just to balance the Pronaos, Greeks like symmetry
Sterobate - 2 bottom steps
Stylobate - level on which columns stand, the top step
Anta - pre- |
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ARCHAIC PERIOD 600 - 480 BCE
* Construction of the oldest peripteral Doric and Ionic temples.
* First life-size stone statues with "Archaic smiles"
* Innovations in black- and red-figure vase painting. |
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Doric Order
Capital - (the column)
Abacus - square brick shape
Echinus - at the top of a column, rounded, squished mushroom shape. Always on Doric columns.
Triglyph - Part of the Frieze, styled three beams in a segment, holding up a roof.
Metope - Blank space in-between triglyph
Pediment - The triangle at the top, the raised roof.
Raking Cornice -
Cornice -
Frieze - The top face of the roof
Flutes - Grooves in a column, Doric columns have flutes that go all the way down to the ground and are sharper pointed at the top
Ionic Order
Base - Bottom added to columns in the Ionic order
Drums - round cylinders stacked on top of each other to create columns.
Flutes - Grooves that are in the columns, Ionic column have flutes rounded at the top and bottom.
Abacus - Plate/dish shape piece above the Volute on an Ionic column.
Volute - Scroll shaped piece at the top of an Ionic column.
Architrave - Bottom, front face of the roof, only has 3 lines.
Frieze - doesn't have triglyph or metope, flat plane where sculpture is added. |
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Temple of Hera I ("Basilica", looking NE), Paestum (ancient Poseidonia), Italy, c. 550 BCE, 80'x170'.
South of Naples and Pompeii.
Columns have entasis, a slight swelling at the center of the column.
Early temples the columns were close together because they weren't sure how to support the roof. |
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