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Art History Final
flashcards
67
Art History
Undergraduate 1
12/09/2011

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Jacopo da Pontormo, Entombment of Christ

Mannerism [1520-1600]


Figures compressed in shallow, undefined space, no strong indicators of who/what it is, tiny heads big bodies, *intimate interruption

Pointed toes, created based on other art, Christ at same level as everyone else, vibrant colors

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Parmigianino, Madonna with the Long Neck

Mannerism [1520-1600] 

Disproportionate body parts (unstructured fingers, small head), Christ is huge, not symmetrical (artist looked at preceding art to make this --> unproportionate, "inbred") 

 

 

 

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Bronzino, Portrait of a Young Man
Mannerism [1520-1600]


Intimate moment, highly affected, compressed space (not all lines are shown), wandering eye (follows the viewer)

Definition
[image]
Term

Gianlorenzo Bernini, Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, Italy
Baroque Art [1600-1700] 

bel composto- unifies painting, sculpture, and architecture 

Definition
[image]
Term

Gianlorenzo Bernini, Ecstasy of St. Teresa, Cornaro Chapel

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Drapery mimicks drama, dramatic poise-head tilted back, diagonal composition, angels gestures point outside scene, theatrical-staged
 

Definition
[image]
Term

Annibale Carracci, Loves of the Gods, Palazzo Farnese, Rome, Italy

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Definition
[image]
Term

Caravaggio, Conversion of Saint Paul

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Tenebrism: drama (very bright characters, very dark space)

Definition
[image]
Term

Caravaggio, Entombment

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Jesus radiates light to act as focal point
Projecting stone involves viewer, as does heaviness of body (falling out of the painting)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes

Baroque Ar [1600-1700]

Definition
[image]
Term

Peter Paul Rubens, Elevation of the Cross

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Twisted figures, dramatic lighting, michelangelo style of bodies, heavy figures, viewer feels more connected to Christ, breakdown of time, comparable to Laoocon & Sistine Chapel, muscular, agitated form 

Definition
[image]
Term

Peter Paul Rubens, Arrival of Marie de’ Medici at Marseilles

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Definition
[image]
Term

Frans Hals, Archers of Saint Hadrian

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Fraternal order of men, horizontal table is organizing element, not staged, Baroque elements: rich gold, dark background, time is frozen, 

Definition
[image]
Term

Frans Hals, The Women Regents of the Old Men’s Home at Haarlem

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Palette kept at black and white, arranged and ready, close look: fleshy depiction of skin, faces aren't idealized, patches of highlights, time is frozen 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rembrandt van Rijn, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Dissecting a cadaver, students intrigued, secular work (no religious scene), viewer included in scene, pyramidal composition 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-Portrait

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Captures mood/ human condition, different gradations of light and color, undertones in skin, not dressed in fancy clothes (painted himself as he thought he was), frumpy, desperate, unkempt 

Definition
[image]
Term

Willem Kalf, Still Life with Late Ming Ginger Jar

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Focal piece is pushed off to right side- diagonal composition, casual arrangement- Baroque (cloth bunched up, lemon peel strewn on table) 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rachel Ruysch, Flower Still Life

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Meaning applied to casual objects, Baroque diagonal, *Vanitas- still life, relates to element of transcience of life, insects have begun to land, snail shells are included along with other insects

Definition
[image]
Term

Nicolas Poussin, Et in Arcadia Ego

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Men stumble upon tomb, perplexed, woman can be seen as allegory of death- reminds sheperds that death is present (introduction of idea that paintings can be used as tools to teach) 

Definition
[image]
Term

Nicolas Poussin, Burial of Phocion

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Most of painting is given up to manicured landscape, classicised manner, appeals to educated viewer, antiquity, classicism, idealism 

Definition
[image]
Term

Hyacinthe Rigaud, Louis XIV

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Definition
[image]
Term

Aerial view (looking west) of the palace and gardens, Versailles, France

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Definition
[image]
Term

Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Charles LeBrun, Galerie des Glaces (Hall of Mirrors), Versailles, France

Baroque Art [1600-1700]

Mirrors: confusion, expansion of space, brightness (Louis thought he was Apollo)

Definition
[image]
Term

Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse, Hôtel de Soubise, Paris, France

Rococco [1700-1800]

Definition
[image]
Term

Antoine Watteau, Pilgrimage to Cythera

Rococco [1700-1800]

Gender ambiguous, pastel colors

Definition
[image]
Term

Henry Fuseli, The Nightmare

Romanticism [1800-1870]

Incubus calling erotic virgin to have romantic nightmare.

Horse hidden in background: "mare" (pun)

Definition
[image]
Term

Francisco Goya, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters

Romanticism [1800-1870]

Freudian themes (importance of subconscious)

Definition
[image]
Term

Théodore Géricault, Insane Woman

Romanticism [1800-1870]

Definition
[image]
Term

Edouard Manet, Le Déjeuner sur l’Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)    

Realism [1800-1870]

Provocativeness of scene, naked woman- figures around her are clothed, everyday scene (ambiguity of what is going on), nakedness-in your face, viewer is interrupting scene
Two-dimensionality

Definition
[image]
Term

Edouard Manet, Olympia

Realism [1800-1870]

Naked, not classy in covering herself, prostitute with a black woman (low class), flat scene, heavier line, aggressive

**takes work from Renaissance (venus) and perverts the perspective to reject it**  

Definition
[image]
Term

Claude Monet, Rouen Cathedral: the Portrait (in Sun)

Impressionism [1870-1900]

Dabs of color to get general picture 

Definition
[image]
Term

Edgar Degas, The Tub

Impressionism [1870-1900]

Definition
[image]
Term

Vincent van Gogh, Night Café

Post-Impressionism [1870-1900]

Ordinary cafe, interpretation makes cafe seem creepy/scary, not concerned with representing true perspective 

Definition
[image]
Term

Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night

Post-Impressionism [1870-1900]

View from mental assylum, subjetive experience 

Definition
[image]
Term

Paul Cézanne, Mont Sainte-Victoire

Post-Impressionism [1870-1900]

Definition
[image]
Term

Paul Cézanne, Basket of Apples

Post-Impressionism [1870-1900]

Uses color to control modeling, depth, etc. 2D & 3D simultaneously  

Definition
[image]
Term

Pablo Picasso, Gertrude Stein

20th century Picasso [1881-1973]

Definition
[image]
Term

Pablo Picasso, Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon

20th century Picasso [1881-1973]

Geometric bodies, giant eyes & african masks

Animalization of prostitutes–offensive

Inspired by Iberian statue

The audience plays the role of the men in the brothel (intimidation–Olympia)

Aggressive sexuality

Definition
[image]
Term

Marcel Duchamp, Fountain

20th Century Surrealism [1920-1945]

Definition
[image]
Term

Salvador Dalí, The Persistence of Memory

20th Century Surrealism [1920-1945]

Part of individual surpressed by everyday lifestyle: subconscious

Definition
[image]
Term

Meret Oppenheim, Object (Le Déjeuner en fourrure)

20th Century Surrealism [1920-1945]

Definition
[image]
Term

Jackson Pollock, Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist)

20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop [1945-1980]

Exploration of unconscious: Automatism (actions without thoughts)

Gesturalism/action painting (life of its own)

Definition
[image]
Term

Willem de Kooning, Woman I

20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop [1945-1980]

Construction/cancellation (addition/subtraction of pigment)

Defacement of beautiful woman

Definition
[image]
Term

Mark Rothko, No. 14

20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop [1945-1980]

Definition
[image]
Term

Andy Warhol, Marilyn Diptych

20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop [1945-1980]

Definition
[image]
Term

Carolee Schneeman, Meat Joy

20th Century Feminist & Performance Art [1970-present]

eight partially nude figures dancing and playing with various objects and substances including wet paint, sausage, raw fish, scraps of paper, and raw chickens

She described the piece as an "erotic rite" and an indulgent Dionysian "celebration of flesh as material."

Definition
[image]
Term
Mannerism Characteristics
Definition
[1520-1600]

Looks at art rather than nature for models--> Artificial elegant style --> comes off as distorted

clashing colors, disquieting figures with abnormally elongated limbs, emotion and bizarre themes
Term
Baroque Art Characteristics
Definition
[1600-1700]

Curvilinear, Diagonal Composition, Rich Colors, Dark Background, Theatrical
Tenebrism: pronounced chiaroscuro with violent contrasts of light and dark--> darkness is dominating
Viewer is participant in work of art, empathy
Time is momentary
**collapsing of time- one moment, breaking down of picture plane- implies that action is going beyond scene in picture
Term
Rococo Characteristics
Definition
[1700-1800]

Happy, theatrical, dainty, airy, repetitive, frilly, relaxing, bright, florid, playful
Term
Romanticism Characteristics
Definition
[1800-1870]

Human subconscious, directly addresses viewer (as opposed to being in moment), feel empathy, visual pun (ex: night+mare)
Term
Realism Characteristics
Definition
[1800-1870]

Lower class/everyday people, discard theatrical drama for commonplace themes, asserts 2D, naked v. nude, provocative, projecting of intellectual painting, quotidian events not historical (Enlightenment)
Term
Impressionism Characteristics
Definition
[1870-1900]

Color instead of line, short & fuzzy brush strokes, light, paint as you see it, non-naturalist, visible brush strokes, landscapes

Renoir, Monet, Degas
Term
Post-Impressionism Characteristics
Definition
[1870-1900]

Shape is more important than realism, modeled with color intensity, everyday object- still life, more realistic colors, more detailed, heavy line, light > shape, dark next to light, Japanese perspective, 2D & 3D space, flatness, exploits colors/forms to get emotional message across to viewers

Van Gogh, Cezanne
Term
20th Century Picasso Characteristics
Definition
[1881-1973]

Cubism: sharp, angular, abstracted space, flatness, direct, multiple viewpoints, the gaze, aggressive

Primitivism: Mysogyny, japonisme
Term
20th Century Surrealism Characteristics
Definition
[1920-1945]

Interest in subconscious, Freudian theories led to rise, imaginative/surprising images

Dada: against traditional forms of art, ready mades, irrationality, psycho analysis (subconscious), artist does not equal skill/execution,
Term
20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop Characteristics
Definition
[1945-1980]

Abstract Expressionism: Took 3 major trends happening in Europe, Investigate emotional content of expressionism movement, Studied formal qualities of cubism, Spontaneity of surrealism, turned inwards- introspective, understand and deal with what's happening in the world, Viewer should understand and take it in in a “free state”- cultural values, societal standing, just get into work of art, look at formal anesthetic qualities, immerse yourself beyond formalness and create interior dialogue between yourself and work

Pop: Post-war mood of anxiety and trauma, fields of color and abstract form, gestural expressionism, shaped by legacy of surrealism, interest in unconscious and mundane things
Term
20th Century Feminist and Performance Art Characteristics
Definition
[1970-present]

Utilizes disturbing images, sounds, and smells in art
Term
Mannerism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1520-1600]
Term
Baroque Bracket Dates
Definition
[1600-1700]
Term
Rococo Bracket Dates
Definition
[1700-1800]
Term
Romanticism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1800-1870]
Term
Realism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1800-1870]
Term
Impressionism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1870-1900]
Term
Post-Impressionism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1870-1900]
Term
20th Century Picasso Bracket Dates
Definition
[1881-1973]
Term
20th Century Surrealism Bracket Dates
Definition
[1920-1945]
Term
20th Century Abstract Expressionism & Pop Bracket Dates
Definition
[1945-1980]
Term
20th Century Feminist & Performance Art Bracket Dates
Definition
[1970-present]
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