Image that stands for something else

o   Islam means submission to God’s will

o   Muhammad’s revelations written down in Qur’an/Koran

o   Muslim suppose to pray 5 times a day facing Mecca

o   Holy city in Islam

o   Give ALMs to the poor

o   Fast during the month of Ramadan

o   Pilgrimage to Mecca if you can afford it

Place of prostration- place of worship for muslims

Whatever class you’re born into you stay in - -  hierarchy

Style of script – very ornate – hard to read

rows of columns in an interior space

central area...

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lets light in – row of windows high up 

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very self-consciously cultural, the arts were highly valued in this period, art for arts sake, beauty was a widely held value.

794 AD in Japan

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(Byōdō-in Phoenix Hall, built in the 11th century during the Heian period of Japan.)

The good Sheppard Roman Catacomb

good example of transition between roman and Christian art, looks like greek or roman gob, no beard, contraposto stance, looks like a regular guy, ready made

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 -other religions during roman period were cults, these cults were to pay homage to the greek gods, Christianity did not do this, thus they got a bad rep. (Christianity eventually became roman religion – also became hierarchical)…there were no divisions of the church (i.e. catholic , Lutheran, etc.)

known as Neo-Platonism came from roman religion and worked its way into Christianity...mind and body split.

is the modern term for a school of religious and mystical philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century AD, founded by Plotinus and based on the teachings of Plato and earlier Platonists. Neoplatonists would have considered themselves simply Platonists, and the modern distinction is due to the perception that their philosophy contained sufficiently unique interpretations of Plato to make it substantially different from what Plato wrote and believed.^{[citation needed]} Neoplatonism attempted to reconcile Christian doctrine with the classical philosophies of Greek and Roman society. 

precursor to the book ( not mass produced, hand written )

fertility Goddess...

A yakshini is the female counterpart of the male yaksha, and they both attend on Kubera (also called Kuber), the Hindu god of wealth who rules in the mythical Himalayan kingdom of Alaka. They both look after treasure hidden in the earthand resemble that of fairies. Yakshinis are often depicted as beautiful and voluptuous, with wide hips, narrow waists, broad shoulders, and exaggerated, spherical breasts

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a geometric figure representing the universe in Hindu and Buddhist symbolism.

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western philosophy, feeling of being dwarfed.

• reverend: worthy of adoration or reverence
• vaporize and then condense right back again
• lifted up or set high; "their hearts were jocund and sublime"- Milton

the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall

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a pictorial symbol for a word or phrase. Pictographs were used as the earliest known form of writing, examples having been discovered in Egypt and Mesopotamia from before 3000 bc.

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minty green color

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The central-plan building, round, polygonal, or cruciform in design, gathered considerable momentum in the West as well as in the East in the course of the 4th and 5th centuries.

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A Christian church building of a similar design, having a nave with a semicircular apse, two or four side aisles, a narthex, and a clerestory.

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Architecture (in a church) a lower part parallel to and at the side of a nave, choir, or transept, from which it is divided by pillars

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a large semicircular or polygonal recess in a church, arched or with a domed roof, typically at the eastern end, and usually containing the altar.

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a curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arche.

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a straight or arched structure across an interior angle of a square tower to carry a superstructure such as a dome.

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a room, portico, or arcade with a bench or seats where people may converse, esp. in ancient Roman and Greek houses and gymnasia, typically semicircular in plan.

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crossing of two-barrel vaults

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things seem to come out at you

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an arrangement of five objects with four at the corners of a square or rectangle and the fifth at its center

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suggested that it’s not a religion, but rather a philosophy.

Emerged around 500 BCE

Buddha is NOT a god.

Buddha= the enlightened one.

Buddhas of different feelings

Prince Sidhartha Guadama: saw world in negative light. Suffering comes from desire, ALL life is suffering

Buddha dressed in a humble way

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Japan; 14,000-300 BCE

Jomon means "cord-patterned" and refers to the markings on clay vessels and figures.

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Meant Royalty, expensive, hard to get....only available to those with the most $$$

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It is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim. These duties are Shahadah (profession of faith), Salat (prayers), Zakat (giving of alms), Sawm (fasting, specifically during Ramadan) and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).

• Faith
• Prayers
• Give alms
• Fast
• Pilgrimage to Mecca

It is a Muslim place of worship that usually has a minaret

• (Islam) a design in the shape of niche in a Muslim prayer rug; during worship the niche must be pointed toward Mecca
• (Islam) a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca
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What is a minaret?

What is the Muslim attitude toward depictions of the divine and what effect does this have on Islamic art?

The unique beauty of Islamic art derives in large part from its longstanding rejection of depictions of humans and animals in religious art. Instead of portraits or stories from the Qur'an, mosques and manuscripts are adorned with flourishes of Arabic calligraphy, delicate tilework, layers of gold and intricate floral decorations.

But attitudes towards figurative art have varied somewhat throughout the course of Islamic history and across different Islamic cultures. Animals and humans appear sporadically throughout the centuries, and there are many surviving examples of beautiful figurative art from the Islamic world, most of which come from the late medieval period in Iran. These depict events in the life of Muhammad, the prophets, scenes of Paradise and Hell, battles of Iranian kings, everyday life, and other human subjects.

Today, as is well known, figurative art is widely rejected in Islam and depictions of Muhammad are considered especially offensive.

What is a muquarna?

a type of corbel used as a decorative device in traditional Islamic and Persian architecture. The term is similar to mocárabe, but mocárabe only refers to designs with formations resembling stalactites, by the use of elements known as alveole.

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Where is the Palace of the Lions and what kind of a place was it?

It is located at Granada Spain,

and The palace comprises a central patio surrounded by several galleries with columns in the way a Christian cloister would be.

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What is Double shell fritware?

What city did the Ottoman Empire seize in 1453 and what new name did they give it?

On what older building was Sinan’s mosque modeled?