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Kaaba (Ka'ba) in Great Mosque, Mecca
- all Muslims turn toward it to pray
- quibla wall of mosque faces it |
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"The Prophet at the Ka'ba," Istanbul, completed 1595
- Muhammad's face scratched out, new notion of no figures/face of prophet in Islamic art |
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"The Investiture of Ali," Northwest Iran, 1307-8
- same scratched out faces, were there previously, change in ideas of Islamic art |
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Al-Khazneh, Petra, Jordan, 1st cent. AD
- carved into rock, treasury
- many carved tombs
- towers still built in Yemen to honor older tradition |
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House of the Prophet, Medina, 624
- first mosque
- foundation of Umayyad architecture?
- originally no covering, side covered spots to escape sun |
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Great Mosque of Damascus, 709-15
- originally a pagan temple, then church, then mosque (walls of mosque are essentially walls of temple)
- inside structure shrine built to John the Baptist
- dome reflects exterior ones
- Damascus is main Umayyad city |
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"Qu'ran of Uthman," late 8th cent.
- Hijazi script
- vertical, slopes |
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Blue Qu'ran, early 10th cent.
- Kufic script
- more stylized, relies on previous memorization
- blue and gold were common themes in architecture, not books |
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"Qasr al-Hayr al-Garbi," Syria, c. 730
- Umayyad
- in Jordanian desert, used to be fertile
- looks like fortress
- country-side palace to compliment city palaces |
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Mshatta, Jordan, 740s
- huge Umayyad palace
- façade now in Berlin |
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façade of Mshatta, Jordan, 740s
- omission of animals on one side shows it is a mosque |
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"Khirbad al-Mafjar," West Bank Jordan, c. 724-43
- functional bath, also place of reception
- mosque in palace |
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Definition
- floor mosaic at Khirbat al-Mafjar
- al-Walid caliph
- mosaic gaining importance
- DORIS BEHRENS-- (lion/gazelle mosaic) has a parallel in the representation which Hamilton identifies as a rebus, and which shows a fruit sprouting, perhaps the stylized figure of a woman, next to which is a knife, a masculine symbol (fig. 5). Hamilton recognized in this rebus the name Walid, which literally means sprout or newb |
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Lion/Gazelle mosaic at Khirbat al-Mafjar
- DORIS BEHRENS; looks like a curtian, gives sense of intimacy
- in bahw (private room)
- male/female complex? hunt? private room
- Walid wrote a lot of poetry, helps interpret the art |
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Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 691-92
- Umayyad
- not mosque, but u can pray
- starting point of Islamic architecture
- long history as sight of Jewish temples, Christian claims
- octogonal walls/arcade
- *spolia* = columns taken from earlier structures
- mosaics on floor are stone, on walls they're gladd
- inscription from Qu'ran not too visible, but there
- political and religious meaning,power of Muslims/importance of Muhammed |
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Definition
| - coins, transform from symbols to insription (GRABAR, ETTINGHAUSEN) |
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Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, c. 637
- renovated a bunch of times
- 1st in new vein of fancy mosques
- originally had a bridge connecting caliph house to mosque quibla wall
- al-Walid's mosque (Umayyad), served as imam on Fridays |
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Barada Panel in Great Mosque of Damascus
- behind a portico in courtyard
- these mosaics don't have figures |
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Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, Syria, 728-29
- palace next to a city
- Abbasid
- medina (city) |
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Anjar, Lebanon
- deserted, well-preserved colonnades w alternating courses of brick and stone |
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Round City
- most structures don't stand today
- Abbasid power grew from here, 4 streets leading to other important cities |
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Great Mosque of Samarra, 848-52
- swirling minaret |
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| Balkuwara Palace, Samarra, 847-60 |
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| Dar al-Khalifa, Samarra, 836 |
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| Bab al-Amma, gate to Dar al-Khilafa |
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| Dancing Girls of Samarra, Dar al-Khilafa |
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