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Leonardo da Vinci, Study of a Star-of-Bethlehem Flower (1503-6) 

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Leonardo, Mona Lisa (c. 1503-5) 22-5 

• Uses atmospheric perspective and sfumato (misty, haziness) characteristic of Leonardo paintings. 
• Owes enduring appeal in large part from the decision to set Mona Lisa against a mysterious background with servin roads and bridges. 
• Engages the audience with pychological/ emotional complexity
• Precise depiction of an indivdual. 
• not simply meant as icon of status: Mona Lisa is not wearing jewelry

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Leonardo, Virgin of the Rocks (c. 1485) 22-2

• Central panel of altarpiece at Confraternity of the Immaculate Conception. 
• Characteristic pyrimidal composition: Madonna, child and John the Baptist. 
• Builds on Massacio’s concept of chiaroscuro. There is a subtle interplay between dark and light. 
• Main focuses of Leonardos painting were modeling light and expressing emotional states with precision. Demonstrated here. 

• Unifies subjects in same atmospheric setting: light simultaneously veils and unveils figures immersing them in same substance.

  
  

  
  

•Leonardo, The Last Supper (c. 1495-98) 22-4[image]

• Refectory of church of Santa Maria in Milan
• Wave of intense excitement transmitted after Jesus announces one of 12 dsciples will betray him.
• Jesus introduces eucharist.
• Disciples presented in groups of 3 allusion to holy trinity.
• Pediment like Jesus' halo.
• Jesus head focal point of al converging perspective lines
• Judas clutching money bags
• Psychologically comple
• Everything, perspective and emotion centered around jesus

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Raphael, Marriage of the Virgin (1504), 22-7

• Order, clarity, lucidity, simplicity, harmony, proportion

Raphael, Marriage in the Meadow (1505-6), 22-8

•Raphael, Madonna with the Goldfinch (1505-6)

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•Raphael, Theology/Disputa, Stanza della Segnatura (1509-10)

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• Congregation of great philosphers and scientists  conversing and explaining ideas.
• Plato’s ( who is pointing to the heavens) side = concern with the metaphysical mysteries of the world
• Aristotle’s (who ispointing to the earth) side = concerned with nature and human affairs.
• On bottom right, where Ptolemy is holding a globe, Raphael includes self-portrait.
• Like last supper, each character expressively conveys their beliefs.
• Mastery of perspective.

Raphael, Poetry/Parnassus, Stanza della Segnatura (c. 1511)

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Raphael, Philosophy (School of Athens), Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican Palace, Rome (1509-11), 22-9 

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•Raphael, Expulsion of Heliodorus, Stanza d’Eliodoro (1512)

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                           Raphael, Liberation of St. Peter from Prison, Stanza d’Eliodoro

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Raphael, Miracle of the Mass of Bolsena, Stanza d’Eliodoro (1512)

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Raphael, Fire in the Borgo, Stanza dell’ Incendio di Borgo (1514)