Notre Dame de Paris:Gothic Era: 1200

• 1st flying buttresses: masonry struts that transfer the thurst of the nave vaults across the roofs of the sides asiles and ambulatory to a tall pier rising above the church exterior wall
• example of French Gothic architecture, sculpture, and stained glass
• Paris's 1st christian church
• West Portals: depict scenes from the life of Virgin Mary, the Last Judgement, and the life of St. Anne
• Norte Dame= Our lady
• 5 bells 
• West rose=human life, South rose=theme of the Old Testament, North rose=New Testament

Annunciation to the Sepherds from the lectionary of Henry II: Ottonian: 1014 CE

• Golden background reveals byzantine influence
• Christ's birth to the spepherds, the angel has just alighted on a hill, wings still beating, and wind of his landing gitates his robe
• Angel fills golden sky, extends his hand in a gesture of authority and instruction
• power and majesty of God's authority 

Saint-Sernin in Toulouse: Romenasque:

1070-1120 CE

• Construction began 1070 to honor the city's 1st bishop
• Important stop on the pilgrimage road through SW France to Santiage de Compastela
• Plan is geometrically precise, crossing square, flanked massive piers and marked off by heavy arches, serve as module for church
• Insertion of tribunes over the inner aisle and opening onton nave
• Groin vaults:absorb the pressure exerted by the barre/vault
• articulation of buildings exterior walls reflect nave
• Rationally integreted scheme, with repeated units decorated and seperated molding, had long future in later church architecture in W

The Bayeux Tapestry: Romenasque:1070

• Embroided fabric, made of wool sewn on linen (Battle of Hastings)
• Norman defeat of Anglo Saxons brought england under control of Normans
• Top: King Edwards of funeral procession, hand of god points the way
• Bottom: Battle of Hasting in progress
• Linear patterning and flat color replace classical 3-D volume and modeling in light and dark hues, stands out becasue it depicts an event in full detail at a time shortly after it occurred
• Chronicle events: prepartation for war, felling and splitting of trees for ship construction, loading equipment, cooking and serving meals

Pantheon: Roman Imperial:120 CE

• Temple of all gods, best preserved buildings
• reveals full potential of concrete (building material and shaping architectural)
• Based on intersection of two circles, so the interior space can be imagined as the orb of the earth and the dome as the vault of heavens
• Coffers: sunken decorative panels, lessened the domes weight without weakening structures
• 5 rows=5 planets, each one had bronze rosette=starry heavens=dome 
• oculus:opening, clouds, sky, sun, and gods
• Hadrian emperor, dedicted to Julius Cesear and Augustus family

Arch of Constantine:Early Medievel: 315 CE

• Sculptural decoration of arch came from monuments of Trajn, Hadrian, and Marcus Aurelis, Sculptures recut the heads of earlier emperors with Constantine
• built next to the Colosseum to celebrate the defeat of Maxentius
• Old reliefs, Liberator Urbis (liberator of the city), Fundator Quietus-bringer of peace, references to to the downfall of Maxentius and end of civil war 
• Reuse of statues and reliefs cited as decline in creativity and technical skill in the waning years of the Roman Empire
• Constantinain fieze are less narrative(puppets), rigid formality reflect the new values of medieval art

Saint Matthew from the Coronation Gospels: Carolingian: 800 CE

• Painter used light and shade and perspective to create the illusion of 3-D form
• Charlemane=learning, arts, classical culture, books sacred to scholars
• illusionistic brushwork defines the massive drapery folds
• Cross-legged chair, lectern, toga=roman accessories

Saint Matthew from Ebbo Gospels:Caolingian:

830 CE

• writes frantically 
• landscape behind him rears up alive
• enrgy that amounts to frenzy 
• hair stands on end, eyes wide open, fold of his drapery vibrate 
• painter set page's leaf border in motion
• his face, hands, inkhorn, pen and book focus of composition
• merged classical illusionism and northern linear tradition

1. Notre Dame de Paris:Gothic Era: 1200
2. Annunciation to the Sepherds from the lectionary of Henry II: Ottonian: 1014 CE
3. Saint-Sernin in Toulouse: Romenasque:1070-1120 CE
4. Saint Matthew from Ebbo Gospels:Caolingian:830 CE
5. Saint Matthew from the Coronation Gospels: Carolingian: 800 CE
6. The Bayeux Tapestry: Romenasque:1070
7. Pantheon: Roman Imperial:120 CE
8. Arch of Constantine:Early Medievel: 315 CE