Term
| what is the cerebral cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| in what lobe is Broca's area |
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Definition
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Term
| in what lobe is the primary sensory cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| in what lobe is Wernicke's |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the cortex that covers most of the cerebral hemispheres |
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Term
| how many cellular layers/lamina in the neocortex |
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Definition
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Term
| how is each layer of the neocortex distinct |
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Definition
| each layer has distinct populations of cells with different shapes, sizes, inputs, and outputs |
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Term
| in what neocortical layer are there many stellate neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| what neocortical layers are concentrated with pyramidal neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| does the cortex always have 6 layers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how many layers in archicortex |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the paleocortex cover |
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Definition
| ventral surface of the cerebral hemispheres |
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Term
| how many layers in the paleocortex |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the functional significance of having different cortical layers |
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Definition
| unknown; probably reflects more complex information processing |
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Term
| describe neocortical circuitry |
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Definition
| each cortical layer has specific output targets and each layer is a specific input target. They project to certain places, and they receive projections from certain places |
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Term
| what is another term for Brodmann's areas |
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Definition
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Term
| how are brodmann's areas divided |
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Definition
| the areas are histologically and functionally distinct. The inputs, outputs, and layers in one brodmann's area are the same |
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Term
| in what area is the primary visual cortex |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what brodmann's areas is broca's |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the brodmann's area for wernicke's |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the brodmann's area for primary motor complex |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the brodmann's area for premotor cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the brodmann's areas for primary sensory |
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Definition
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Term
| define the association cortices |
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Definition
| areas of the cortex not involved with encoding sensory information commanding movements. Not motor/sensory/hearing/vision |
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Term
| where are the association cortices |
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Definition
| cerebral sufrface of the brain |
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Term
| what are association cortices responsible for |
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Definition
| cognitive human processes |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which we come to learn our world: our ability to attend to complex stimuli, identify the significant features of the stimuli, and plan responses to the stimuli |
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Term
| what mental processes do the association cortices support |
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Definition
| the ones that make us human: fear, anger, attraction, emotions, memory |
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Term
| in what lobes are the association areas concerned with cognition |
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Definition
| parietal, temporal, frontal |
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Term
| why isn't the occipital lobe concerned with cognition |
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Definition
| main responsibilit = vision |
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Term
| what do the association cortices receive and integreate |
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Definition
| information from a variety of sources |
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Term
| what else must association cortices doe |
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Definition
| project to and influence a broad range of cortical and subcortical targets |
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Term
| are there inputs and outputs to/from the association cortices |
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Definition
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Term
| is everything in the association cortices connected to everything else |
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Definition
| no. each association cortex has distinct connections |
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Term
| how have neurosciences made inferences about the specific function of assication cortices |
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Definition
| observations of patients with cortical lesions. Certain things happen to people when they damage certain regions of their brains |
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Term
| what do lesions of the parietal association cortex result in |
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Definition
| deficits in attention to the world around us and attention and perceptoin of our own body |
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Term
| what is contralateral neglect syndrome caused by |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens in contralateral neglect syndrome |
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Definition
| unable to attend to or perceive objects or even ones own body in a part of space despite being able to see it visually |
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Term
| in contralateral neglect syndrombe, is the the deficit on the same side or other side of the lesion |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the diagnosis for someone who only shaves one side of their facebecause they don't perceive it even though they can feel, touch, see it |
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Definition
| contralateral neglect syndrome |
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Term
| if someone has a right parietal stroke that causes contraltearl neglect syndrome, can it improve |
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Definition
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Term
| is contralateral neglect more common with damage to right or left parietal lobe |
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Definition
| more common with damage to right parietal lobe |
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Term
| why is contralteral negelect syndrome more commonly associated with damage to the right parietal cortex |
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Definition
| the rigth parietal cortex mediates attention to both the left and right halves of the body/space. The left parietal cortex medaites attetion only to the right. If you damage the left parietal cortex, the right parietal cortex can help it out a little. If you damage the right parietal cortex, there is no help. |
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Term
| what are the effects of a right parietal lesion |
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Definition
| severe neglect on left side |
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Term
| what is the result of a left parietal lesion |
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Definition
| meinimal neglect on right sid |
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Term
| what is the dominant hemisphere for knowing what's going on around you |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the location of lesions that typically result in contralateral neglect syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| what compensates lesions in the left parietal lobe |
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Definition
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Term
| which hemisphere is the dominant one to govern attention and awareness |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the result of lesions in the frontal association cortex |
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Definition
| deficits in planning and executing normal behavior |
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Term
| what does the frontal association cortex have a wider range of functions than other neocortical areas |
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Definition
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Term
| what does damage to frontal lobe result in |
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Definition
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Term
| what is frontal lobe responsible for |
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Definition
| personality: planning and executing normal behaviors |
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Term
| what does damage to the basilar part of the frontal lobe result in |
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Definition
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Term
| what does damage to the dorsolateral/convex portion of the frontal lobe do |
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Definition
| renders patients indifferent, apathetic |
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Term
| what does damage to theorbitofrontal portion of the frontal lobe do |
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Definition
| impaired judgment, loss of inhibitions, hard to get along with |
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Term
| what do lesions of the temporal association cortex result in |
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Definition
| difficulty recognizing, identifying, and naming different categories of objects |
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Term
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Definition
| disorders in which you have difficulty recognizing, identifying, and naming different categories of objects |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize and identify faces following temporal lobe damage |
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Term
| damage to which part of which temporal lobe results in prosopagnosia |
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Definition
| damage to inferior right temporal lobe |
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Term
| what determines whether an agnosia is for human faces or familiar objects |
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Definition
| location and size of the lesion |
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Term
| why might someone have their corpus callosum surgically cut |
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Definition
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Term
| how many axons go through the corpus callosum to connect the hemispheres of the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| which side of the brain is language dominant |
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Definition
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Term
| in a split brain patient, if an object was placed in the right hand, could the patient say what it is without seeing it |
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Definition
| yes. It is sensed by the left hemisphere, and the left hemisphere is the language dominant hemisphere so the person can sense what the object is and say what it is. |
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Term
| in a split brain patient, if an object was placed in the left hand, could the patient say what it is without seeing it |
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Definition
| no. the sensory information goes to the right side of the brain, but that information can't be passed to the left side of the brain to be processed as language |
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Term
| which side of the brain specializes in the emotional coloring of language |
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Definition
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Term
| which side and location of the brain is important for perception of space |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a hemorrhagic stroke |
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Definition
| blood vessel bursts. Blood pours out into a specific region of the brain |
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Term
| what happens in an embolitic stroke |
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Definition
| embolism lodges. Everything downstream becomes ischemic |
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Term
| how long can neurologic repair take |
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Definition
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