Term
|
Definition
| something that takes up space and has mass |
|
|
Term
| Law of Conservation of Matter |
|
Definition
| matter cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the smallest part of matter that has the properties of the matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| center of atom w/ protons and neutrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positive charged particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| negative charged particles that orbit the nucleus in an electron cloud |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| matter made up of only one kind of atom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organizes elements based on physical and chemical properties |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertical columns of the periodic table |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| horizontal rows of the periodic table |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| # of protons in each atom of that element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two or more atoms of the same element that have different # of neutrons in their nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| # of protons plus # of neutrons in each atom of that element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shiny or metallic luster, good conductors of heat and electricity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dull in appearances, many are gases at room temp., solids nonmetals are brittle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has characteristics of metals and nonmetals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when atoms are held together by electrical forces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atoms giving up or gaining electrons (called an ion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weak attraction between hydrogen atoms in one compound to another molecule or compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two or more of the same type of atoms chemically combined, atoms rarely exist in nature by themselves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a substance that is made up of two or more different elements bonded chemically together, Ex.- water (H2O) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when two or more substances (elements or compounds) come together and do not combine to make a new substance, Ex.- muddy water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (also called a solution)- you cannot see the different parts of the mixture, Ex.- milk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| you can see the different parts of the mixture, Ex.- sand and water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| simple carbohydrate manufactured by the plant, chemical formula: C6H12O6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which autotrophs convert sunlight into a usable form of energy (food) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; used for energy, Ex: glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| green pigment contained a plant’s chloroplast and is used for the process of photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
| Electron Orbital/Shell/Cloud |
|
Definition
| layers or orbits surrounding the nucleus where electrons exist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occur when elements or compounds interact to form new elements or compounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attraction between atoms of opposite charge that holds the atoms together in ionic bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of heat energy required to convert water from a liquid to a gas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result of attraction between molecules of a liquid, which causes the surface of the liquid to act as a thin elastic film |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the force that attracts molecules of the same substance to each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency of certain dissimilar molecules to cling together due to attractive forces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree Celsius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of energy required to transform a substance from a liquid state to a solid state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a material, usually a liquid, which is capable of dissolving another chemical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a molecule with an end with a positive charge and an opposite end with a negative charge; water molecules are polar and the positive end of the molecule attracts the negative end of other water molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when hydrogen atoms bonded in a compound are attracted to other molecules or compounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are a broad group of naturally-occurring molecules which includes fats, waxes, and steroids; used for insulation, energy storage and cell membrane composition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contain chains of amino acids, which form three-dimensional folding structures; used for muscle contraction and transport, oxygen, provide immunity and carry out chemical reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| molecules composed of chemical building blocks known as nucleotides; Ex: DNA and RNA. |
|
|
