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B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning
Written Comps Study Materials
20
Other
Graduate
02/07/2014

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Term
Learning
Definition
the reassortment of responses in a complex situation
Term
Conditioning
Definition
the strengthening of behavior which results from reinforcement
Term
S
Definition
Stimulus
Term
Respondent Behavior
Definition
the responses made to the eliciting stimulus
Term
Operant Behavior
Definition
behavior that operates on the environment to produce an effect
Term
Reinforcement
Definition
  • responsible for response strenghtening-increasing the rate of responding or making responses more likely to occur
  • any stimulus or event following a response that leads to response strenthening
Term
Discrimintive Stimulus
Definition
sets the occasion for a response
Term
Positive reinforcement
Definition
presenting a stimulus following a response which increases the future likelihood of that response occuring in that situation
Term
Negative Reinforcement
Definition
  • removing a stimulus which increases the likelihood of that response occuring in that situation
  • + and - reinforcement are the same--> both increase the future probablitiy of the response
Term
Extinction
Definition
decline of response strength due to non-reinforcement
Term
Primary reinforcers
Definition
    • necessary for survival
    • food
    • water
    • shelter
 
Term
Secondary reinforcers
Definition
stimuli that becomes conditioned through their association with primary reinforcers
Term
Premack Principle
Definition
the opportunity to engage in a more-valued activity reinforces engaging in a less-valued activity
Term
Punishment
Definition
  • decreases the future likelihood of responding to a stimulus
  • Ex: withdrawing a + reinformcement or presenting a - reinforcement
Term
Schedules of reinforcment
Definition
continuous, intermittent, interval, fixed interval, variable interval, ratio
Term
Generalization
Definition
once a certain response occurs regularly to a given stimulus, the response occurs to other stimuli
Term
Discrimination
Definition
complementary process to generalization
Term
Shaping
Definition
differential reinforcement of successive approximation
Term
Chaining
Definition
the process of producing or altering some ofthe variables that serve as stimuli for future responses, consissts of a series of operation
Term
Behavior Modification
Definition
referes to the systematic application of behavioral learning principles to facilitate adaptive behaviors
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