• Classified in binomial system; have scientific names. Ex: B.subilis, E.coli.

A. Kingdom archaebacteria- Inhabit most extreme environments

    1. Methangens- Give off methane/ methane producing.

    2. Halophiles- "Salt loving bacteria".

    3. Thermoacidophiles- "Heat and acid loving bacteria."

B. Kingdom Eubacterials- Identified close to 10,000 species.

 -Most are heterotrophic.

Prokaryotic:

*Smallest simlest organisms on earth.

*All uni-cellular (grow in large collonies).

A. Size:

 - Larger than viruses=1-10mm or microns.

 -Are visable under the light microscope

B. Shapes (3 Types):

    1. Rod Shaped, Bacillus: Half can move

    2. Circular Shaped, Coccus: None can move

    3. Spiral Shaped, Spirillum: All can move

C. Morphogly (arrangement): Due to incompleate cell division.

*Two stuck together, Diplo-shape.

*A chain stuck together, Strepto-shape.

*A cluste rof them, Staphylo-shape.

D. A typical bacterial cell.

*Half move using flagella

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*Some bacteria have a second cell membrane outside the cell wall. Identified using gramstaning. (Gram + purple) ( Gram - pink)

Gram - infections require a more agressive antibiotic treatment.

A. Food spoilage.

B. Bacterial Diseases: Only 3% of bacteria cause    disease. Ex: tuburculosis, strepthroat, pnomonia, anthrex, plague, typhious, E.coli food poisoning.

A. Symbiotic relationship (EX: With humans)

Ex: E.Coli in large intestine w/o plasmid, the ones that make vitamin k.

B. Decomposition (recycling of nutrients)

C. Photosynthesize -o2; base of many food chains.

D.Nitrogen Fixation: N2->N3, nitrates:usable form of nitrogen.

E. Food industry- Dairy products, soy sause, pickles.

F.Drug production: Ex: Antibiotics

G.Bioremidation(Sewageand environmental clean up)

H. Genetic Recombination

 *use bacteria to manufacture human proteins.