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| in bacteria a transient condition required for transformation when the cell can bind and take up foreign DNA molecules a competent cell is able to take up exogenous DNA and thereby be transformed |
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| temporary union of two sexually reproducing unicellular organisms for the transfer of DNA |
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| a circular genetic element in bacteria that can self replicate in the cytoplasm or integrate into the bacterial chromosome and replicate with the chromosomes |
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| a male bacterial cell containing a fertility factor in its cytoplasm |
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| a female bacterial cell that does not contain a fertility factor |
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| a fertility factor that contains a portion of the bacterial chromosome |
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| a bacterial episome whose presence confers donor ability during conjugation |
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| a bacterial cell exhibiting a high frequency of recombination due to a chromsomally integrated F factor that can mobilize and transfer all or part of the host chromosome to a recipient F- cell |
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| the spectrum of strains of a given bacterial species that a given strain of phage can infect |
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| in an Hfr X F- cross a technique by that breaks apart donor and recipient cells at specific times during conjugation allowing only a given amount of DNA to be transferred |
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| disintegration of a cell brought about by the rupture of its membrane by a virus |
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| the process by which the DNA of an infecting phage becomes repressed and integrated into the host bacteriums chromsome |
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| a bacterial cell in which a segment of its genome is duplicated in a fragment brought in by transformation transduction or conjugation |
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| extrachromosomal circular DNA molecule that self replicates in the cytoplasm of a bacterium and may contain genetic information |
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| a phage genome integrated into the chromosome of a lysogenic bacterium |
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| a DNA molecule formed by joining two different molecules DNA or gene splicing is done in vitro usually ligating DNA's from different organisms |
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| nuclease derived from microorganisms that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences in dNA and cleaves or nicks the molecule at that site |
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| a virus that can integrate into the host bacterial chromosome as a prophage that confers lysogeny upon that host cell while in the lysogenic phase or pathway lytic activity of the virus is repressed but upon entering the lytic phase it leaves the chromosomes and multiplies killing the cell |
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Term
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| in bacteria virus mediated gene tranfer from one cell to another. The transducing phage in specialized transduction produces particles carrying only specific regions of host genome; in generalized transduction any part of the host chromosome can be packaged at random into transducing phage and transferred upon lysis of the host cell into a new bacterium where it can enter the genome of the new host cell by non reciprocal recombination |
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| heritable change in a cell or an organism brought about by the uptake of foreign non viral DNA such as a plasmid. Transformation in bacteria permits the non reciprocal genetic recombination of exogenous genes into the host genome, requiring a physiological uptake mechanism or a non physiological mechanism. |
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| a phage or virus that infects and luses the host bacterial cell |
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