Term
Intercultural Communication
Chick, 1996, p. 329-348
Subject: Language & Social Interaction |
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Definition
Compliment Giving/Receiving based on culture
Often Misunderstood
Positive Face --> seeks approval
Negative Face --> Freedom of action
Direct Repairs are more beneficial than Indirect Repairs
Intra vs. Intercultural Ations
Moment-Moment Choices are based on distance/closeness of relationship
Interlocuters will use politeness strategies to blance their face needs towards others |
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Term
Interactional Sociolinguistics
Schiffrin, 1996, p. 329-348
Subject: Language & Social Interaction |
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Definition
Gumperz & Goffman} Integration of grammar, culture, and interactive conventions into verbal communication
language + society + self
language + culture
Dfferences in language features lead to misunderstandings, stereotypes, inequalities
Learning a language + Developing communicative competencies
(+) and (-) Face
How we react/behave in interactions
Creates an identity |
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Term
Making Space for Bilingual Communicative Practice
Article
Gumperz & Gumperz, 2005
Subject: Communicative Competence |
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Definition
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Monolingual & Bilingual children do not differ in what they do w/language but in how they do it. Monolinguals rely on style, switching (voice intonation) where bilinguals rely on code switching.
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Creating interactional space allows students to talk through problems & rely on one language to process the grammatical rules/context of another language. Students would use code switching as a resource to help apply their own peer/group communicative knowledge to school tasks. Teacher acts as a facilitator in these types of interactions.
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Term
On Communicative Competence
Article
Hymes, 1972
Subject: Communicative Competence |
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Definition
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Communicative Competence--> What one needs to know in order to use language socially
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Children will acquire competence to speak, when not to speak, what to talk about & with whom, when where & in what manner
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Can have grammaticlly correct sentences without having practical meaning
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Involves--> Linguistic knowledge, Interaction skillls, & Cultural Knowledge
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You discover rituals, routines, & other interactions by observing
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Prescriptive (textbook) vs. Descriptive Language (How you would really order a drink)
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Term
Communicative Competence in Oral Language Assessment
Article
Oliver, Haig, & Rochecouste, 2005
Subject: Communicative Competence |
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Definition
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Schools in western Australia have a curriculum that is strongly performance based. Students spend most of their time debating and presenting given/assigned topics.
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Teachers admit that they do not know how to assess oral language. This leads to various problems amongst students who admit they are not confident when using day to day language.
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Students were judged on body language & eye contact rather than academic aspects. Performance tasks only benefitted a small # of students and caused anxiety for others.
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Term
Educational Linguistics
Article
Hornberger & Hult, 2006
Subject: Educational Sociolinguistics |
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Definition
British, American, Australian Schools
EDU Linguistics--> Focus on the role of language, lerning, and teaching
Spolsky- envisioned EDU Linguistics as a subfield like EDU psychology
Transdisciplinary--> Theme Based
Inter/Multidisciplinary--> Guilding commonalities to gain better perspective
Language & Eduation are socially situated.
Teachers do not know enough about language & linguistics
Halliday--> Applied Linguistics; Borrow from Disciplines |
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Term
Societal Multilingualism
Textbook: Sociolinguistics & Language Teaching
Sridhar, 1996
p. 47-70
Subject: Societal Multilingualism |
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Definition
Multilingualism can happen through --> Migration, Annexation, Cultural Contact
Linguistic Domains--> Who speaks what & when--> Formal, Informal, Intimate
Diglossia-- High vs. Low-->Standard Dialects
Identity Marking- Purpose of Second Language Teaching is creating Bilingualisms |
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Term
World Englishes
Textbook: Sociolinguistics & Language Teaching
Kachru & Nelson, 1996
p. 71-102
Subject: Societal Multilingualism |
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Definition
Global spread of English --> Through Migration
Ho English is used in parts of the world
Inner Circle, Outer Circle, Expanding Circle
Inludes different varations, usages
Teacher should create awareness of the status & function of English in the world
Intelligibility, Comprehensibility, Interpretation |
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Term
Language Attitudes, Motivation, & Standards
Textbook: Sociolinguistics & Language Teaching
McGroarty, 1996
p. 3-36
Subject: Societal Multilingualism
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Definition
- Motivation & Beliefs of a certain language, culture; plays huge part in learning a language successfully.
- Important for teachers to addess these beliefs and find out what are the motivational factors of a class
- Include learning about the varieties of the L2
- Schools use prescriptive norms which would only focus on the standard language
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