Term
| Energy sources for burst activity |
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Definition
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Term
| Creatine Phosphate & Arginine Phosphate |
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Definition
the high-energy storage phosphagens in vertebrates and invertebrates
- recharge ADP back to ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| catalyzes the transfer of high energy phosphate to generate ATP |
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Term
| Is glucose oxidized or reduced? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| purpose is to get NAD to NADH and to keep glycolysis going |
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Term
| net production of glycolysis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1 glucose -> 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH |
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Term
| net production of acetyl co-A formation |
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Definition
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Term
| net production of Krebs Cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| net production of cellular respiration |
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Definition
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Term
| what powers ATP synthesis? |
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Definition
| the flow of hydrogen ions back across the inner mitochondrial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| process that converts the chemical energy to a form used for ATP synthesis |
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Term
| end products of fermentation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- produces ATP when inadequate oxygen is available
- regenerates NAD from NADH for glycolysis to continue
- pyruvate is reduced
- NADH is oxidized |
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Term
| Substrate Level phosphorylation |
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Definition
| a direct transfer of the phosphate form organic substrate to ADP by an enzyme |
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Term
| Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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Definition
| ATP synthase, using the proton gradient from the electron transport chain to phosphorylate ADP |
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Term
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Definition
- produces ATP'
- found in the mitochondria |
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Term
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Definition
| adaptation of diving mammals that allows them to glide and burn fats |
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Term
| Calvin-Benson cycle (what is used & produced) |
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Definition
Used: ATP and NADPH
Produced: Sugars, amino acids, fatty acids |
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Term
| light reactions (what is used/produced) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- usually occurs on hot, dry, bright days, when the stomata close and the O2:CO2 ratio in the leaf increases, favoring the binding of O2 rather than CO2
- a metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen and ATP, releases CO2, and decreases photosynthetic output |
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Term
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Definition
| uses light energy to produce organic molecules and oxygen |
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Term
| reactants of photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 phases of the Calvin-Benson cycle |
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Definition
Carbon fixation
Reduction
Regeneration of CO2 acceptor |
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Term
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Definition
| requires organic molecules and oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O that is used in photosyntehsis |
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Term
| Marine bony fish are ______ in seawater |
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Definition
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Term
| Sharks & rays are ______ in seawater |
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Definition
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Term
| Invertebrates are ________ in seawater |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| high water potential, fewer solutes. Shrivel |
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Term
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Definition
| low water potential and more solutes; Lyse |
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Term
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Definition
| channel proteins that facilitate water diffusion through the membrane |
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Term
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Definition
- positively-charged arginine side-chain (R-group) lures the negatively-charged metabolite into the active site
- the substrate is turned into a product in the active site |
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Term
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Definition
| comparable enzymes from different organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| NAD, NADH, NADP, NADPH, FAD, FADH2 |
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Term
| coenzymes used in photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A transfer of electrons and hydrogen with the help of a carrier molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| involves the substrate and inhibitor competing to bind to the active site |
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Term
| noncompetitive inhibition |
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Definition
| involves the inhibitor binding at site away from the substrate binding site |
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Term
| first law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
| within any closed system, the total amount of energy remains constant |
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Term
| second law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
| all spontaneous processes result in an increase in randomness and disorder in the universe, and a loss of localized concentration of energy |
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Term
| formula for energy change |
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Definition
| DeltaG = DeltaH - T(DeltaS) |
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