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Bio 131 Exam 1
Terms from the first Exam
29
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/06/2011

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Term
Biology
Definition
the study of life
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
-more offspring produced than can survive
-competition for limited resources
-individuals w/favorable traits flourish/reproduce
Term
Properties of Life
Definition
1.cells and organization
2.energy/metabolism
3.response to environmental changes
4. homeostasis/regulation
5.growth/development
6.reproduction
7. evolution
Term
taxonomy
Definition
the science of classification
Term
Bacteria
Definition
Domain; prokaryotic;unicellular; live in many common environments
Term
Archea
Definition
Domain; prokaryotic; unicellular; extremophiles
Term
Eukarya
Definition
Domain; eukaryotic, complex, multicellular, have nucleus
Term
subgroups of Eukarya
Definition
-protists
-plants
-animals
-fungi
Term
Levels of Biological organization
Definition
1.atom
2.molecules
3.cells
4.tissue
5.organ
6.organism
7.population
8.community
9.ecosystem
10.biosphere
Term
Genome
Definition
all of the genes in an organism
Term
proteome
Definition
all of the proteins an organism can make
Term
evolution
Definition
heritable change in one or more characteristics of a population from one generation to the next
Term
convergent evolution
Definition
2 different species evolve similarly b/c of environment
Term
divergent evolution
Definition
2 different species evolve away from each other
Term
selective (artificial) breeding
Definition
refers to programs/procedures designated to alter species (ex. domestication)
Term
homology
Definition
similarity due to a common ancestor
Term
anatomical homology
Definition
similar structure (bones, vestigial structures)
Term
vestigial structures
Definition
anatomical features that have no current function, resemble ancestral features
Term
developmental homology
Definition
organisms that have similar embryonic stages due to common ancestor
Term
molecular homology
Definition
similarities in cells at the molecular level (genes) due to common ancestor
Term
bottleneck evolution
Definition
-population reduced dramatically then rebuilds
-randomly eliminated w/o genotype regard
-new population likely to have less variation
Term
founder effect
Definition
small group breaks off from larger colony
less genetic variation
Term
assortative mating
Definition
mating between individuals of similar phenotype
Term
disassortive mating
Definition
mating between different phenotypes
Term
intrasexual selection
Definition
competition between the same sex
Term
intersexual selection
Definition
males tries to impress female
Term
gene pool
Definition
all of the alleles for every gene in an given population
Term
polymorphism
Definition
refers to the phenomenon that a trait displays variation within a population
Term
Taxonomy Organization
Definition
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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