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Bio genetics
bio
21
Biology
8th Grade
03/30/2011

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Term
Meiosis
Definition
process by which the number of chromosomes are split in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
Term
Gamete
Definition
sex cell
Term
fertilization
Definition
Process by which a male and female sex cells join together to form a new cell
Term
Zygote
Definition
fertilized egg
Term
homologous chromosome
Definition
Where one part of the chromosome comes from the male and the other comes from the female
Term
diploid (2n)
Definition
2 sets of homologous chromosomes
Term
haploid (1n)
Definition
term used to refer to a cell that only contains a single set of genes
Term
Interphase
Definition
period of the cell cycle between divisions
Term
prophase (1)
Definition
when chromosomes become visible
Term
metaphase 1
Definition
when the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
Term
anaphase 1
Definition
the chromatids holding the chromosomes together loosen
Term
telophase 1
Definition
Chromosomes are at opposite ends
Term
synapsis
Definition
the side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis
Term
tetrad
Definition
structure containing four chromatids that forms during meiosis
Term
prophase 2
Definition
Nuclear membrane is dissolved and spindle fibers are reformed
Term
metaphase 2
Definition
Chromosomes move to the center and line up again
Term
anaphase 2
Definition
sister chromatids split
Term
telophase 2
Definition
Chromosomes are on different poles and nuclear envelope reforms and makes 4 haploid cells
Term
crossing over
Definition
the interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis
Term
conjunction
Definition
Term
disjunction
Definition
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