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Definition
| organism that makes its own food (autotroph) and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other organisms in its ecosystem |
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| organism that obtains food by eating producers (autotrophs) or other consumers |
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| organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms |
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| feeding level in an ecosystem |
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| pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another |
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| consumer that eats only producers |
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| consumer that eats only other consumers |
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| consumer that eats both producers and consumers |
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| consumer that feeds directly on producers |
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| consumer that eats primary consumers |
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| consumer that eats secondary consumers |
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| wastes and remains of dead organisms |
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| pattern of feeding in an ecosystem consisting of interconnected and branching food chains |
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| organic material manufactured by producers |
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Definition
| rate at which producers in an ecosystem build biomass |
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| diagram representing energy loss from one trophic level to the next |
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| diagram representing the biomass in each trophic level of an ecosystem |
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| representation of the number of individual organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem |
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| What does primary productivity measure? What does it tell you about an ecosystem? |
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Definition
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| What point does each type of ecological pyramid emphasize? |
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Definition
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| What does the shape of the energy pyramid indicate? |
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| process by which certain bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonia |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which certain bacteria convert ammonium to nitrates |
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Term
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Definition
| evaporation of water from a plant's leaves |
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Term
| Identify three basic steps of chemical cycling. |
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Definition
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| Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are involved in cycling carbon and oxygen |
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Definition
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| Describe three roles that bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Follow a raindrop through one possible path through the water cycle, ending as water vapor in the atmosphere |
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| clearing of forests for agriculture, lumber, or other uses |
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Definition
| process by which atmospheric gases trap heat close to Earth's surface and prevent it from escaping into space |
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Definition
| rise in Earth's average temperature |
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Definition
| rapid growth of algae in bodies of water, due to high levels of nitrogen and often |
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| precipitation that contains nitric and/or sulfuric acids |
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| addition of substances to the environment that result in a negative effect |
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Definition
| process by which pollutants become more concentrated in successive trophic levels of a food web |
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| atmospheric gas (O3) that absorbs ultraviolet radiation, shielding organisms from its damaging effects |
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| Describe how increased quantities of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may contribute to global warming. |
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Definition
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| Give an example showing how pollution relates to biological magnification. |
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Definition
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| How can deforestation impact the carbon and water cycles? |
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Definition
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| What is the relationship between chlorofluorocarbons and ozone? |
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| practice of harvesting or hunting to such a degree that remaining individuals may not be able to replenish the population |
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Definition
| application of biology to counter the loss of biodiversity |
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| area of land that is relatively undisturbed by humans and is surrounded by buffer zones that are minimally impacted by humans |
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Definition
| area of a reserve that is minimally impacted by humans |
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Definition
| use of natural resources in a way that allows them to renew themselves and be available for the future |
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| Describe two arguments for preserving biodiversity. |
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Definition
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| What are four main threats to biodiversity? |
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Definition
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| Describe how zoned reserves may help conservation efforts |
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Definition
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| How are the movement of energy and the movement of chemicals in ecosystems different? |
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Definition
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| In the following food chain, identify the trophic levels: An owl eats a mouse that ate berries. |
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