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Biochemistry Unit 1
Test Tomorrow
77
Biology
10th Grade
10/10/2011

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Term
What bond holds the two carbon atomis in C2H4?
Definition
Double Covalent bond
Term
What molecule is produced in a condensation reaction
Definition
Polymer and water
Term
The breaking of these bonds is the first thing that happens when water is heated
Definition
Hydrogen bonds
Term
Liquid effective in dissolving polar substances
Definition
Water
Term
Kind of compounds are substances produced and found in living things
Definition
Hydrocarbons
Term
Reaction that breaks polymers into monomers
Definition
Hydrolysis
Term
Carbohydrate monomer
Definition
Monosacchride
Term
An example of structural isomers
Definition
Glucose & Fructose
Term
Polysaccharide stored in muscle and liver cells
Definition
Glycogen
Term
Bond between two amino acids
Definition
Polypeptide
Term
Main difference between two amino acids
Definition
R Groups
Term
Two types of secondary structure in proteins
Definition
Alpha helix, beta sheet
Term
4 intermolecular forces that hold quaternary structures together
Definition
Hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction, salt bridge, disulfide bridge
Term
Type of molecule with polar and non-polar regions
Definition
Phospholipids
Term
Difference between intermolecular and intermolecular
Definition
22. intramolecular = bonds within a molecule (ionic, covalent, etc…); intermolecular = bonds between separate molecules or atoms far away in the same molecule
Term
Difference between triglyceride and phospholipid?
Definition
3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol = 1 triglyceride; 2 fatty acids + 1 glycerol + 1 phosphate group (+ R) = phospholipid
Term
Reaction by which amino acids are joined together?
Definition
Condensation
Term
Molecules produced when cellulose is hydrolyzed
Definition
glucose molecules
Term
What way do two ends of RNA molecules differ from each other
Definition
One end is the N terminus and has an amine group; the other end is the C terminus and has a carboxylic acid group
Term
Identifying structural formula steroid
Definition
4 Ringed Structure
Term
Adhesion
Definition
When water molecules stick to other surfaces
Term
Cohesion
Definition
When water sticks to itself
Term
Surface Tension
Definition
Tightness of hydrogen bonds on the surface of water
Term
Capillary Action
Definition
Water's ability to rise up through small tubes
Term
Functional Groups
Definition
Attachments that affect the functions of hydrocarbons
Term
OH at the end of a molecule
Definition
Alcohol
Term
Double bonded OC in molecule
Definition
Carbonyl
Term
C-C--O
Definition
Aldehyde
Term
C-C(--O)-C
Definition
Ketone
Term
C-O-H
Definition
Carboxyl
Term
N-H-H
Definition
Amino
Term
S-H
Definition
Sulfhydryl
Term
Starch
Definition
Polysaccharide that stores energy
Term
Cellulose
Definition
What makes up plant cell walls
Term
Glycogen
Definition
Body makes glycogen and it is stored in muscles. Animals version of starch
Term
Chitin
Definition
Polysaccharide found in exoskeleton of insects
Term
Lipids
Definition
Hydrophobic
Term
Fats & Oils
Definition
Store energy and keeps animals warm
Term
A bend lipid
Definition
Unsaturated
Term
Phospholipids
Definition
Part of cell membrane. Triglyceride with phosphate group
Term
Phospholipids
Definition
Part of cell membrane. Triglyceride with phosphate group
Term
Bilayer
Definition
Bubble around water, 2 part membrane
Term
Carotenoids
Definition
Help plants collect light energy
Term
Steroids/Hormones
Definition
Regulate bodily functions. Four rings structure
Term
Fluidity
Definition
Rate at which phospholipids are made
Term
Vitamin
Definition
Electron carriers
Term
Water
Definition
Repels water on skin/feathers
Term
Nucleic Acids
Definition
DNA, RNA carry genetic info that tells cells how to make proteins
Term
Monomer Nucleic Acid
Definition
Nucleotide
Term
RNA Nucleotide
Definition
Copy of an instruction DNA
Term
Base + Sugar
Definition
Nucleoside
Term
Base + Sugar + Phosphate
Definition
Nucleotide
Term
Polymer
Definition
Nucleic Acid
Term
Nucleic Acid Bonds
Definition
Phosphodiester Bond
Term
Difference Between DNA and RNA
Definition
DNA RNA
Double Stranded Single Stranded
AT & CG AV & CG
Term
Proteins
Definition
Cellular machines, engines, & buildings
Term
Monomer of a protein
Definition
Amino Acid
Term
Cysteine
Definition
Forms disulfide bridges
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Protein present in red blood cells. Carries oxygen
Term
Bond between two two disaccharides
Definition
Glycosidic Bonds
Term
Independent Variables
Dependent Variables
Definition
What you change between control & experimental group
The thing you are counting
Term
Control Group
Experimental Group
Definition
The group in which you know what will happen
The group in which you don't know what will happen
Term
Constant Variable
Definition
Something that has to stay the same
Term
Characteristics of Life
Definition
Cells, Organization, Energy, Growth, Development, Reproduction, Display Heredity, Maintain Homeostasis, Response to environment, Evolve & Adapt
Term
Biosphere
Definition
All living organisms and their environments
Term
Biome
Definition
Different ecosystems
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
All biotic and abiotic factors within a specimen
Term
Organelle
Definition
Compartments made up of macro molecules
Term
Biological macromolecule
Definition
Carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic
Term
CH4
Definition
Methane
Term
C2H6
Definition
Ethane
Term
C3H8
Definition
Propane
Term
C4H10
Definition
Butane
Term
Pentane
Definition
C5H12
Term
C3H6O3
Definition
Glycerol
Term
Aldehyde
Definition
Organic molecules containing a carbonyl group at beginning or end
Term
Acetone
Definition
Simplest Ketone
CH3COCH3
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