Term
|
Definition
| a molecule composed of the sugar ribose, the base adenine, and three phosphate groups; the major energy carrier in cells. The last two phophate groups are attached by "high energy" bonds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the oxygen requiring reactions, occuring in mitochondria, that break down teh end products of glycolysis into carbon dioxide and water while capturing large amounts of energy as ATP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process ATP generation in chloroplasts and mitochondria. The movement of electrons down and electron transport system is used to pump hydrogen ions across a membrane, thereby building up a concentratin gradient of hydrogen ions across the membrane; the hydrogen ions diffuse back across the membrane trhough the pores of ATP synthesizing enzymes; the energy of their movement down their concentration gradient drives ATP synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a series of electron carrier molecules, found in teh thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts and the inner membrane of mitochondria, that extract energy from electronsand generate ATP or other energetic molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anaerobic reactions taht convert the pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis into lactic acid or alcohol and CO2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reactions, carried out in the cytoplasm, that break down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid, producting two ATP molecules; does not require oxygen but can proceeed when oxygen is present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fluid space between the inner and outer membranes of mitochondrion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cyclic series of reactions, occurring in the matrix of mitochondria, in which the acetyl groups from the pyruvic acids produced by glocolysis are broken down to CO2, accompanied by the formation of ATP and electron carriers; aslo called citric acid cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fluid contained within the inner membrane of a mitochondrion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a three carbon molecule that is formed by glycolysis and then used in fermentation of cellular respiration |
|
|
