Term
| Bacteria can transfer DNA to other bacteria using one of the three mechanisms |
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Definition
Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction |
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Term
| During conjugation, a copy of a bacterial chromosome can be passed on to another bacterium through a tunnel called ? |
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Definition
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Term
| In order for conjugation to be possible, the donor bacteria must have the ? |
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Definition
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Term
| In transformation, bacteria take up pieces of DNA that are ? |
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Definition
| released as other bacteria disintegrate |
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Term
| In transduction, bacteria take in DNA by ? |
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Definition
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Term
| all viruses have what and surrounded by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the difference between lytic infection and lysogenic infection? |
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Definition
A virulent virus will enter the lytic cycle.
A temperate or dormant virus will use the lysogenic cycle |
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Term
| What are the three ways a new virus may emerge? |
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Definition
1. mutation – flu viruses
2. spread of existing virus from one host species to another – hantavirus SARS ( effect rats)
3. spread from an isolated population – HIV or Ebola |
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Term
| What are transposable elements? |
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Definition
| type of genetic change can alter protein structure and produce an altered phenotype, movement from one location to another in genome |
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Term
| What is the function of restriction enzymes during gene cloning? |
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Definition
| used to cut DNA at specific locations |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA molecules into which a DNA fragment is inserted to form a recombinant DNA molecule for the purpose of cloning |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is polymerase chain reaction? |
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Definition
| produces an extremely large number of copies of a specific DNA sequence without having to clone the sequence in a host organism. |
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Term
| What is a transgenic organism? |
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Definition
| Organisms that receive genes from an external source |
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Term
| What is gene therapy? Is it always successful? |
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Definition
| the introduction of a normal gene into particular cell lines to correct genetic disorders. NO |
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Term
| Why would some people have an ethical problem with gene therapy? |
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Definition
| ethical questions due to eugenics, improve the quality of life, mess with god |
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Term
| What are pharm animals? What are they used for? |
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Definition
| animals that turn into production of proteins used to make pharmaceutical products. |
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Term
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Definition
| Splitting off a cell from an embryo (twinning) |
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Term
| What is therapeutic cloning? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the differences between the two different types of stem cells used to clone human cells? |
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Definition
-embryonic stem cells
Isolated from a blastocyst can be developed into any cell type.
Adult stem cells Isolated from organs and is limited in cell type development |
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Term
| Why do scientists prefer to use embryonic stem cells? |
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Definition
| because these unspecialized cells can be developed into any cell type |
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Term
| What are the four predictions for the future with genetic engineering? |
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Definition
1. new medicines available
2. medicines will be safer due to genome scans
3. longer and healthier life
4. you will be able to design your children |
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