Term
| Name the compounds Carbohydrates are composed of |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a Mono-Saccharide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general Formula of Monosaccharides? |
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Definition
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Term
What does each n= stand for?
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Definition
- Triose
- Tetrose
- Pentose
- Hexose
- Heptose
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Term
| What is a Pentose sugar involved in? |
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Definition
Ribose in RNA and ATP
Deoxyribose in DNA |
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Term
| What is the formula for Glucose and Fructose? |
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Definition
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Term
3 Types of Hexoses:
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Galactose
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Definition
Name the functions of each Hexose
- Glucose -> main energy source
- Fructose -> sweet sugar found in fruit
- Galactose -> found in milk, joins with sugar to form sugar lactose.
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Term
Glucose is a structural isomer.
What is meant by structural isomer? |
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Definition
| It has the same molecular formula but with a different structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| when two monosaccharides join together, via a condensation reaction, held together by glycosidic bonds. |
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Term
| on what carbon molecules does the glycosidic bond form? |
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Definition
| It forms between carbon 1 and 4, giving a 1,4 glycosidic bond. |
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Term
| Test for Carbohydrates if there is a reducing sugar, eg. mono/disaccharide,lactose and maltose. |
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Definition
1. Add Benedicts slt
2. Heat |
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Term
Testing for Carbohydrates with a non-reducing sugar.
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Definition
1. heat
2. add dilute HCL to hydrolyse
3. cool
4. neutralise with NaOH
5.Add Benedicts
Colour change - Blue - green - yellow - brown - red
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a polysaccharide? |
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Definition
| a long carbohydrate of repeated monomers joined by glycosidic bonds |
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Term
Starch:
what monomer is it made of ? |
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Definition
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Term
Starch
AMYLOSE:
Name the structure and function |
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Definition
- made of alpha glucose
- joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds, which form a helix
- Insoluble
- Compact
- Easily Hydrolysed
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Term
Starch:
Amylopectin
Name the structure and function of Amylopectin |
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Definition
- 1,4 glycosidic bonds with 1,6 linkages
- structural component in cell walls
- insoluble
- easily hydrolysed
- compact
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Term
Glycogen
Name the structure and function of Glycogen
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Definition
- made of alpha glucose
- contains 1,6 glycosidic bonds forming branched chains
- found in liver and muscles
- easily hydrolysed for Resp
- Storage in Animals
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Term
| Describe the structure and function of Cellulose |
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Definition
- Made of Beta Glucose
- long unbranched straight chains of B glucose
- forms long strong microfibrils
- storage in plants
- Compact
- Easily Hydrolysed
- insoluble
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Term
| What elements are lipids composed of? |
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Definition
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