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Biology: Chapter 1, Introduction to Biology and Science
Characteristics of Living things and the Scientific process
40
Biology
9th Grade
01/15/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
List the 8 characteristics of living things
Definition

1.) Based on a Universal Genetic code (DNA,

Deoxyribonucleic Acid)


2.) Grow and Develop

Example: A human child growing into an adult


3.) Respond to their environment 

Example:  The sky looks dark and it looks like it will rain, so the fox goes in it's den


4.) Reproduce

Example:  Two sea lions mate. Later, the mother gives birth to a baby sea lion, which eventually grows up and mates with another sea lion...continuing the cycle


5.) Homeostasis: Maintain a stable internal environment

Example: It is winter and it is extremely cold outside! However your body is still 98.6 oF/ 37 oC .


6.) Need/Create Energy 

Example: A flower takes in energy from the sun and creates glucose in the process of Photosynthesis

Example: An animal eats the flower and uses it to create food to allow it to perform life functions


7.) Composed of basic units called Cells

Example: A single celled organism such as bacteria is made up of one cell. An multicelled organism such as a lynx is made up of thousands of thousands of cells


8.) Changes/Evolves over time

Example: There are many tall trees with nutricious leaves on them in the area where the giraffe lives, so over many many years, the giraffe adapts to it's environment by developing a long neck to reach these leaves



Term
What is Biology
Definition
The study of living things
Term
What is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexuel reproduction?
Definition

Sexual reproduction involves two organisms uniting to form the first cell of a new organism (2 organisms)

 

Asexual  reproduction involves one organism creating offspring exactly the same as itself (1 organism)

 

 

Term
How do Organisms store information about their structure and function?
Definition
They store all the information they need to live in DNA 
Term
What is a Stimulus?
Definition

A signal to which an organism responds

 

Example:

Stimulus: bad smelling/tasting chemicals released by a plant

Response: caterpillar moves away from that plant

Term
What is Metabolism?
Definition
The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism breaks down or builds up materials
Term

Which of the following things are made of cells?

 

Flowers

Skin

Proteins

Rocks

Milk

Bone

Calcium

Chlorophyll

The Sun's Rays

Seeds

Sand

Mushrooms

Aerosmith CD

Definition

Flowers

Skin

Bone

Seeds

Mushrooms

Term

Lab Safety Question:


List at least 5 unsafe labratory practices 

Definition

(other answers are possible)

1.) Wearing long hair down

 

2.) loose baggy clothing and jewelry

 

3.) open toed shoes

 

4.) eating or drinking in lab

 

5.) disposing of flammabal substances near an open flame

6.) disposing of potentially dangerous chemicals or toxins down the drain

 

7.) Not reading or coming up with a procedure before completing the lab

 

8.) Pointing a testube containing a heated substance towards another person (alsways point it away from other people)

 

9.) picking up a potentially hot glass without a glove or tongs

 

10) not telling the instructor or person in charge if you cut yourself or are injured in any way in lab

 

11.) not wearing appropiate safety equiptment such as gogles and an apron

 

12.) horseplay, practical jokes, and not paying attention

 

13.) Not washing hands after lab

Term
What should you never do with a microburner?
Definition
leave it unattended 
Term
What do KL, m, g, mL, mm, L, Km, cm, and mg stand for?
Definition

KL = Kilogram

m = meter

g = gram

mL = millileter

mm = millimeter

L = liter

Km = kilometer

cm = centimeter

mg = milligram

Term

Create a drawing of the order (Largest to Smallest) of metric measurment prefixes that includes their meaning (in numbers). 

 

(sorry if this question does not make sense, it makes sense to me because of how we studied this subject in my biology class)

Definition
[image]
Term
2000mg = ___g
Definition
2000 mg = 2 g
Term
5 Liters = ___ milileters 
Definition
5 Liters = 5000 milileters
Term
5.6 meters = ____ centimeters 
Definition
5.6 meters = 560 centimeters 
Term
Which one is greater, 63 cm or 6 m?
Definition

6 meters = 60 centimeters

 

60 < 63

 

63 cm is greater than 6 meters

Term
109 g = ____ kg
Definition
109 g = 0.109 kg
Term
Which prefix is largest, Deci, Hecto, or Deka?
Definition
Hecto
Term

Put the following prefixes in order least to greatest:

 

Basic Unit, Hecto, Milli, Deci, Kilo, Centi, Deka

Definition
Milli, Centi, Deci, Basic Unit, Deka, Hecto, Kilo
Term
Define Tansparent & Translucent, is there a difference?
Definition

Yes,there is a difference

 

Transparent means something is perfectly clear, while Translucent means it is not clear but allows light to pass through.

Term
The area which is visible as you look through the eyepiece of a microscope is called the?
Definition
Field of View
Term
A light microcope using a combination of lenses is a _______ microscope
Definition
A light microcope using a combination of lenses is a compound microscope
Term

What are the lenses nearest to the stage of the microscope called?

 

What is the lens you look through called?

Definition

What are the lenses nearest to the stage of the microscope called?

Objective Lens

 

What is the lens you look through called?

Eye Piece

Term

What kind of objects can be viewed through a compound microscope?

(must light be able to pass through?)

Definition

Objects must be thin enough for light to pass through



Examples of things that can be viewed: An Elodea leaf, an extremely thin sliver of carrot, saliva and cells scraped off the inside of your cheak


Examples of things that cannot be viewed: A chunk of potato, your finger, a DVD

Term

What is the thin glass or plastic object used to cover a specimen to be viewed by a microscope called?

 

 

Definition
Cover Slip
Term
 specimen prepared in water is called a ____ _______ slide?
Definition
Wet Mount slide
Term

When you slide a specimen to the right in the microcope, it will appear to move ____ in the field of view

 

a.) to the right

b.) to the left

c.) up

d.) down

Definition

b.) to the left



(and vice versa, if moved left it will move right across the field of view.)

Term
What does the Diaphragm of a microscope control?
Definition
The amount of light on an object
Term

Where on the microcope is the speciman placed so it can be observed?

Definition
The stage
Term
When making a wet mount slide, why is it an advantage to lower the coverslip onto the speciman at an angle?
Definition
fewer airbubbles will be trapped underneath
Term
What is the neutral position of a microscope?
Definition
Microcope is on lowest power lens with light off and stage as low as it can go. Power cord is wrapped around arm and microscope is covered.
Term
If Micro means small and scope menas instrument for viewing, what must microscope mean?
Definition
Instrument for viewing small things
Term

Step 1: Ask a Question

Step 2: State a Hypothesis

Step 3: Conduct a controlled Experiment

Step 4: Analyze the results

Step 5: Make a conclusion

(Step 6: repeat)

 

This describes the _____ _______?

Definition
Scientific Method
Term
Define "Observation"
Definition
the act of noiticing and describing the events or processes in an organized way. Using your senses. 
Term
Define "Inference"
Definition
A logical interpretation based on Observations and what you already know
Term
What does it mean for an experiment to be controlled?
Definition
Only one variable in the experiment changes. For example, in an experiment looking at how much water will make a plant grow the tallest, the only variable changing is how much water each plant gets. The amount of sunlight, the type of plant, the type and amount of soil, and any additional minerals/plant food each plant gets is exactly the same or controlled.
Term
In an experiment, the manipulated or independent variable is the variable that _______________
Definition

is being deliberately changed

 

(such as the amount of water each plant in an experiment gets)

Term
The responding or dependent variable in an experiment is_______________
Definition

What is being measured; the data for the experiment

 

 

Term
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
Definition

Quantitative Data has a numberic value (Example: 1 mL, 2,000 m, 10 inches)

 

Qualitative Data has a characteristic value; it is a description

 

(Example, a red, violent reaction)

Term
The basic unit of length in the metric system is the?
Definition
meter
Term
Why is it important to use a universal system of measurment when collecting data?
Definition
To aviod confusion and incorrect conversions and to be able to easily communicate with other scientists around the world.
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